Osteoarthritis is a very common bone and joint disease, and although it occurs in some young people, it is particularly common in the elderly. Today is an aging society and the onset of osteoarthritis is extremely widespread, which is due to the fact that the knee is the most important weight-bearing joint in the human body, so the knee is the first in terms of the onset of osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis can be divided into primary and secondary osteoarthritis. The late manifestations of both types of osteoarthritis are consistent, namely progressive wear, erosion, and ulceration of the articular cartilage, swelling of the synovial membrane, and exudative reactions. The main symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee are pain, swelling, deformity, and functional impairment. The most common type of arthritis is osteoarthritis, which has been called ‘the most common and persistent disease in women’. It is characterized by progressive weakening and degeneration of the articular cartilage. As the cartilage gradually erodes and the joint surfaces lacking padding rub against each other, patients experience progressively more stiffness, inflammation, swelling and pain, reduced mobility and bone deformity. When cartilage is destroyed, the gap disappears and the bone surfaces begin to rub against each other and deform. If the cartilage is completely destroyed, the friction between the exposed bone surfaces causes more severe pain and deformation, leading to joint deformities, such as internal and external knee joint rotation. Osteoarthritis is prone to occur in middle-aged and older adults, with 80% of people over 45 years of age showing clinical evidence of arthritis on at least one joint. The development of osteoarthritis is primarily related to wear and tear of the joint surfaces during daily life, and the other most common type of arthritis is post-traumatic stress. There is another type of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, which has a younger age of onset, usually between 21 and 45 years of age, and for some reason is three times more common in women than in men, making it the most devastating and disabling of all arthritis types. Rheumatoid arthritis mostly begins with joint pain, which starts as soreness and becomes more pronounced with joint swelling and pain, localized fluid accumulation in the joint, and increased temperature. After repeated attacks, the muscles of the affected limbs atrophy. If the efficacy of conservative treatments, such as rest, functional exercise, physical therapy and medication, diminishes as the disease progresses, or even becomes ineffective, then total knee replacement is the ultimate treatment.