How to prevent cancer? What are the preventive measures?

  The occurrence of cancer is closely related to inherent genes and external environmental factors. The inherent genes cannot be changed, but the acquired environment and behavioral behaviors can be controlled, which provides the possibility to prevent cancer, and this is the most basic premise of “cancer can be prevented”.  Then how to prevent cancer? In addition to environmental pollution control and new technology development, we should also focus on how to reduce the chance of cancer in our daily life.  1.Change the concept and cultivate cancer prevention awareness. In fact, the biggest obstacle to cancer prevention is not the cancer prevention measures themselves, but the concept of cancer prevention! If the awareness of cancer prevention is weak, of course, it will not be put into practical action, such as smoking, drinking and staying up late, the probability of getting cancer will naturally increase.  2.The old cliché, quit smoking and limit alcohol! Smoking is the most harmful lifestyle to health, so it is never too late to quit smoking. For non-smokers, to discourage people around smoking, and refuse the harm of second-hand smoke, second-hand smoke is even more harmful than direct smoking, especially children are particularly serious victims. About drinking alcohol, it is recommended not to drink or a small amount of moderate drinking, at least not addicted to alcohol and not drunk. A small amount of alcohol generally refers to a small amount of red wine, white wine, etc., strong alcohol should be avoided as much as possible.  3.Balanced diet, reasonable mix, good eating habits. Don’t believe in the so-called “cancer prevention foods”, different foods have different nutritional values, but the key is to master the proper amount, to have a balanced diet, not to be partial, to eat grains and cereals, fresh vegetables and fruits, appropriate amount of meat, etc., with special emphasis on the freshness of ingredients.  In addition to a balanced diet, good eating habits are also important: do not eat too salty, do not eat or eat less pickled food, do not eat too fast, do not overeat, avoid too hot and too hot diet, diet as regular as possible, do not eat or eat less fried barbecue food and so on.  4. Insist on exercise and avoid being sedentary. To a certain extent, cancer is also a disease of laziness. If you don’t move, all diseases will be invaded. The recommendations given by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) in the 2007 expert report “Diet, Nutrition, Exercise and Cancer Prevention: A Global Perspective” include: losing as much weight as possible without being underweight; exercising at least 30 minutes a day.  However, to get the most benefit from exercise, it is recommended that 60 minutes or more of moderate exercise or 30 minutes or more of vigorous exercise be performed daily. The World Health Organization believes that a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of cancer by one-third, so it is advocated that everyone should exercise for at least 150 minutes a week.  5. Maintain normal weight and avoid overweight and obesity. Maintaining proper weight is important for cancer prevention, which has been recognized by most researchers, and it is important to reduce weight as much as possible without being underweight. What is considered overweight? Body mass index (BMI, i.e., weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) is a world-accepted grading method to assess the degree of obesity, BMI is 18.5 to 24.9 for normal healthy weight, below 18.5 for low weight, 25 to 29.9 for overweight, and greater than/equal to 30 for serious overweight or obesity.  6, to ensure sleep time, work and rest should be regular, avoid staying up late, avoid overwork. Modern people, especially the urban population, sleep late and stay up late is commonplace, in the short term may not see the damage, but over time or develop the habit of staying up late, the problem will come out. Staying up late violates the basic circadian rules and affects the immune system, which is the first line of defense to monitor and destroy cancer cells.  7. Cancer prevention should also focus on “nourishing the mind”. Of course, cancer is a “body disease”, but in fact, it is also a “mind disease”. The occurrence of cancer is closely related to psychosocial factors. Frequent negative emotions and long-term anxiety will affect the normal work of the immune system, which will increase the risk of cancer. Learning to reduce stress and relax is also indispensable in daily life.  The so-called cancer prevention measures are always relative, not that we will definitely not get cancer if we do the points mentioned, and we will definitely get cancer if we don’t. Of course not!  The development of cancer is the result of a combination of many factors, and whether we will get cancer or not is also determined by a combination of many factors, but it is certain that the healthier the lifestyle is, the lower the probability of getting cancer!  In addition, we can also play the subjective initiative is medical checkups, including regular medical checkups and targeted participation in cancer screening, especially for the corresponding high-risk groups. With the development of science today, there has been a great progress in the equipment and concept of early detection and intervention of tumor, and it must be said that targeted screening can really play a positive role. Therefore, we need to put cancer prevention measures into practice instead of just paying lip service. The sooner we quit smoking, the better; the sooner we rest, the better; the sooner we exercise, the better; the sooner we exercise, the better; the sooner we check up, the better; the sooner we check up, the better; the sooner we check up, the better.