When a patient has a hard lump in the groin that is painful when pressed, usually if there are no other specific manifestations, it is suspected that it may be a bulge formed by a lipoma or sebaceous cyst, but basically no special treatment is needed and regular observation of the hard lump for enlargement or other signs of deterioration is sufficient. In addition, it may also be caused by inguinal lymph node enlargement, inguinal hernia, etc. In addition to pain on pressure, there are other specific manifestations, for example, in patients with inguinal hernia, the pain of hard pouch is more obvious under standing and walking conditions. Patients can make preliminary judgments based on different symptoms etc. that accompany different diseases. Common causes and treatments 1. Lipoma: It is a common soft tissue benign tumor that can grow in the inguinal area where fatty tissue exists. The tumor may be hard pack-like, soft to the touch when pressed, and accompanied by hidden pain. Generally, lipomas grow slowly and do not affect the patient significantly, so no special treatment is needed. However, if it presses on the tissues around the groin, such as breakage, redness and swelling of the surrounding skin, it may deteriorate, and then it can be removed by surgery. 2. Sebaceous cysts: Since the groin is an intimate part, some patients may not pay attention to cleanliness, which leads to the blockage of sweat glands and hair follicles in this area due to dirt, thus causing the sebaceous glands to block the pathway of sebum secretion to the skin and eventually causing the formation of sebaceous cysts. The formation of sebaceous cysts. At the onset of the disease, the patient may feel a hard bump in the groin, but there is usually no obvious abnormal sensation, only pain when pressed. Since sebaceous cysts grow slowly, they do not affect daily life and can be observed on a follow-up basis. However, if there is an abnormal increase in size, or if the skin around the affected area becomes red, swollen, or purulent, it is recommended to seek medical treatment promptly, as it is suspected that the condition may deteriorate or be caused by secondary infection; 3. Inguinal lymph node enlargement: Inguinal lymph nodes often appear when inflammation occurs in the patient’s lower extremities, or when blood flow is poor, which can cause edema and the formation of enlarged lymph nodes. In case of acute infection, the affected area often shows redness, swelling, heat and pain. Treatment priority is given to local topical medication such as ichthyolite ointment or Ruyi Jinhuang San for external application and oral anti-inflammatory medication. In case of abscess, incision and drainage are required; 4. Inguinal hernia: It is a mass formed by the protrusion of intra-abdominal organs to the body surface through the defect in the inguinal region. In the early stage, there is no pain, but in the later stage, when the mass protrudes from the body surface, there can be pressure pain when touched. It is often caused by muscle atrophy, constipation, prostate enlargement, etc., which leads to an increase in abdominal pressure, which in turn leads to the formation of an inguinal hernia. The treatment is both conservative and surgical, but conservative treatment is prone to recurrence, so clinical treatment is usually surgical, and surgical treatment is often chosen from the tension-free hernia repair technique. The patient who has a hard lump in the groin that is painful when pressed should not take it lightly. As the symptoms are obvious, he should seek medical treatment in time to avoid delaying the development of the disease to a serious level.