In recent years, the advantages of ablation therapy for lung cancer have gradually been emphasized as local ablation therapy for tumor has become a curative method for liver cancer. Ablation therapy is a minimally invasive therapeutic technology that focuses on local tumor cell tissue destruction, and compared with molecularly targeted drug therapy, ablation therapy belongs to lesion-targeted therapy. From taking the lead to obtaining the NCCN guideline changes, we can see the changes in the understanding of tumor ablation therapy in China and abroad. （Before 2005, the treatment methods for lung cancer recommended by the guideline were mainly surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Stage I and II lung cancer patients who met the criteria for surgery could maximize their chances of cure by choosing surgical resection, while inoperable patients with stage I and II lung cancer could choose radical radiotherapy for longer survival. In 2006, the Guidelines were updated that stereotactic radiotherapy and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can be used as treatment options for patients with lymph node-negative lung cancer who refuse to undergo surgery, have poor physical strength and/or cannot tolerate surgery due to comorbidities. In 2009, the guideline was updated, for the first time, RFA was regarded as an independent treatment item, and it was pointed out that RFA was most suitable for the treatment of stage I patients with isolated peripheral lesions <3cm; it could also be used for previously irradiated tissues and as a palliative treatment option. In 2010, the Guidelines were updated to include tumor ablation in surgical treatment for the first time and compared with surgical treatment, stating that tumor ablation includes RFA and cryoablation; stereotactic radiotherapy is also included in the scope of ablation treatment. In 2011, the Guidelines were updated, emphasizing that surgical resection is the preferred local treatment for lung cancer patients, and at the same time proposing other local treatments including RFA, cryotherapy and stereotactic radiotherapy, and renaming the latter as stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for the first time. The 2013 new version of the Guidelines emphasizes that surgical resection is the preferred local treatment for lung cancer patients, and other local treatment modalities include RFA, cryotherapy, and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (RFA). RFA can be used as a treatment option for lymph node-negative patients who refuse surgery due to poor physical status, high cardiovascular risk, poor pulmonary function, and/or comorbidities that preclude surgery. This guideline update for the first time suggests that RFA can also be used in patients with isolated heterogeneous lung lesions of multiple lung cancers who have received localized treatment. (ii) Recommendations for China's application The Guidelines suggest that China's lung cancer treatment should follow a staged multidisciplinary integrated treatment model. Comprehensively analyzing patients' physical condition, pathological type, clinical stage and disease progression trend, rationally applying surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and biotargeted therapy, and combining standardized treatment with individualized treatment, in order to achieve the effect of clinical cure or maximum control of tumors, improving patients' quality of life and prolonging the survival period. Surgery for early-stage lung cancer should aim at removing the maximum range of tumor and regional lymph nodes while preserving the normal lung tissues to the maximum extent. Early stage lung cancer (stage I and II) is mainly isolated peripheral lung cancer. For early stage lung cancer patients whose cardiopulmonary function and other physical conditions are assessed to be incapable of undergoing surgery, radical radiotherapy, radiofrequency ablation and drug therapy can be considered.