In reality, when people mention rhinitis, they tend to think of it as a result of allergies, but they don’t know much about non-allergic rhinitis and mixed rhinitis, which is up to 55%, and they often find that “non-allergic rhinitis” is wrongly classified as “allergic rhinitis” in clinical practice. As a result, a considerable number of patients have poor results after taking second-generation antihistamines orally, and some even develop symptoms such as sinusitis and otitis media. At the 4th Beijing Union Allergic Disease International Summit Forum held on April 10-11, physicians reminded everyone to pay full attention to the easily neglected “non-allergic rhinitis”, so as to improve the correct diagnosis rate and treatment effect. There is no exact data on the prevalence of non-allergic rhinitis in China. However, surveys in Europe and the United States show that simple non-allergic rhinitis accounts for about 25% of all patients with chronic rhinitis, while simple allergic rhinitis accounts for about 45%, and about 30% of patients with mixed rhinitis suffer from both allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis. It is estimated that more than 200 million people worldwide suffer from non-allergic rhinitis, and the direct medical and indirect economic expenditure due to non-allergic rhinitis is in the tens of billions of dollars annually. How does simple non-allergic rhinitis arise? How is it diagnosed in clinical practice? Non-allergic rhinitis is not related to the allergic mechanism, and the results are negative for either skin or blood tests for allergens. The main clinical manifestations are nasal congestion and runny nose in response to environmental stimuli and climate change. According to American researchers, if a patient with chronic rhinitis develops rhinitis symptoms after the age of 35 and has no family history of allergies, no rhinitis symptoms occur during outdoor activities or contact with pets in spring and autumn, but exposure to perfume odors can induce significant nasal symptoms. Then, the likelihood that the patient has non-allergic rhinitis would be more than 95%. More and more scholars abroad are studying the role of the “irritant index scale” in differentiating allergic rhinitis from non-allergic rhinitis. Among simple non-allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis is the main subtype of non-allergic rhinitis, accounting for about 70% of cases, while the other 30% are non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome. Studies have shown that vasomotor rhinitis is associated with autonomic dysfunction of the nasal mucosa, abnormal sensory nerve function and abnormal activation of TRP (temperature receptors present on the body surface) and cholinergic receptors. The mechanism of action may be that the release of various neuropeptides after abnormal sensory nerve function further triggers the appearance of nasal symptoms. Some patients with vasomotor rhinitis also suffer from migraine, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, etc. For the treatment of non-allergic rhinitis, nasal glucocorticoids and nasal antihistamines are currently used as the first-line drugs, which are selected according to the patient’s clinical phenotype. Nasal anticholinergic drugs can also be used if the patient is mainly suffering from runny symptoms. In addition to the basic treatment methods mentioned above, there are also studies trying to use nasal capsaicin, local injection of botulinum toxin A and nasal irrigation for treatment. For turbinate hypertrophy that cannot be reduced by medication, surgical treatment can be considered.