There are three types of commonly used analgesic drugs: 1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (including fenbid, aspirin, paracetamol, inflammation and pain, Xicam, Sanliacin, indomethacin, paracetamol, diclofenac, and cold medications) inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) in the body to reduce prostaglandin production. The treatment of NSAIDs is to reduce the production of inflammatory prostaglandins by inhibiting COX2 to achieve anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. At the same time, COXl is also inhibited, resulting in a decrease in basal prostaglandin production, leading to loss of protection of the GI mucosa, resulting in inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, and even perforation. One study showed that gastric mucosal bleeding was seen on gastroscopy after a week of continuous oral administration of this class of drugs. Opioids can cause similar adverse reactions. Constipation, which often occurs during the use of opioid analgesics in cancer pain patients, is usually given prophylactically with appropriate laxatives. Elderly patients using opioids for the first time may experience nausea and vomiting, which usually gradually decreases to disappear after 2-3 days, and doctors may give small doses of antiemetic drugs, such as gastroflucan, to prevent it at the beginning of pain relief. Weakened patients are prone to excessive sedation and cognitive impairment, and central nervous system drugs such as tranquilizers or hypnotics should be stopped at the same time when opioids are applied. OxyContin is popular for its mild effects and low side effects, and can be used for the treatment of non-cancer pain. In addition to the opioids and non-steroidal drugs introduced above, there is also a class of neuromodulatory drug tramadol, which is available in extended-release form of Chimantin. Some patients get dizzy and vomit after taking it orally, however, its gastrointestinal reaction is functional, and can be prevented by taking gastroflucan 30 minutes before taking tramadol, which is especially suitable for elderly patients and patients who need to take the drug for a long time. Note: As the first class of drugs is cheap and convenient and relevant to our lives, pay attention to its potential side effects. For chronic recurrent and intermittent explosive pain, short- and fast-acting painkillers can be used. The most common pain is mild and moderate skeletal muscle pain, and acetaminophen (paracetamol) can be used. The maximum dose of this drug for adults should not exceed 4 grams per day and should not be taken for more than 10 consecutive days. Long-term use is necessary and should also be limited to when needed and cannot be taken daily or on a regular basis. It is possible to take acetaminophen for 10 days, then switch to other analgesic drugs for 10 days, and then re-take acetaminophen.