Plateau cerebral edema, also known as plateau coma, is the dysfunction and pathological damage of brain cells caused by severe hypoxia, metabolic imbalance and insufficient energy supply at the early stage of entering the plateau, and is one of the most serious clinical types of acute plateau disease. Highland cerebral edema is characterized by rapid onset and progression, and is a generalized hypoxic disease with impaired consciousness as the main feature. It can be triggered by severe hypoxia and overexertion at the early stage of entering the plateau, and the increase of oxygen consumption of the body. Especially the fit people are prone to overestimate their physical quality, so that the body oxygen reserves are depleted and the disease develops. Upper respiratory tract infection increases oxygen consumption, congestion and edema of respiratory tract mucosa, increased secretion, which affects ventilation function; vomiting, lack of appetite and insufficient energy supply due to plateau hypoxia and motion sickness; as well as cold, hunger, fear and emotional excitement are all triggering factors of plateau cerebral edema. Plateau cerebral edema can occur in any season, with winter and spring, and snowy weather being the most common. Clinical manifestations: Onset after recent arrival at plateau, above 3000 meters above sea level. Neuropsychiatric symptoms: severe headache, vomiting, indifferent expression, depression or euphoria, restlessness, staggering gait, ataxia (Romberg’s sign negative). This is followed by confusion, hazy consciousness, drowsiness, lethargy to coma, or direct coma. Limb dysfunction, positive meningeal stimulation and/or cone bundle signs may be present. The fundus of the eye may show optic papillary edema and/or retinal hemorrhage and exudation. Cerebrospinal fluid pressure is elevated with no change in cells or protein. Occasionally, there is bloody cerebrospinal fluid. Exclude acute cerebrovascular disease, acute drug or carbon monoxide poisoning, epilepsy, meningitis, and encephalitis. Relief of symptoms with oxygen, dehydrating agents, corticosteroids, and low turn.