Bronchiolitis is a disease of the terminal bronchi that occurs in the winter and early spring. Bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and children, usually occurring in children under 2 years of age, and most of them develop before the age of 1 year, with infants around 6 months of age being the most common. The prevalence rate is about 3 per 100 people, and there is no significant difference in the ratio of males to females. Respiratory fusion virus (RSV) is the most important virus that causes bronchiolitis, while others include influenza virus, adenovirus, measles virus, and rhinovirus. Symptoms The symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection (e.g. cold, runny nose, sneezing, coughing, etc.) may appear at the beginning of the illness, and after about 3 days, the symptoms may change to clinical manifestations such as labored breathing, wheezing sounds, and in severe cases, reduced feeding, nasal agitation, and difficulty in breathing. Among them, fever, runny nose, sneezing, cough, paroxysmal cough, wheezing sound, and increased respiratory secretion are the most common. The initial symptoms of bronchiectasis are very similar to those of a cold, however, bronchiectasis mainly occurs in children under 2 years old, and in addition to cold symptoms, children also have increased respiratory secretions and bronchoconstriction, etc. Therefore, the diagnosis of bronchiectasis is mainly based on the patient’s “clinical symptoms” and “physical examination”. Therefore, the diagnosis of bronchiectasis is mainly based on clinical symptoms and physical examination. 1. Clinical symptoms: sputum, shortness of breath, intercostal depression, nasal fluttering, etc. 2. Physical examination: The physician will hear a wheezing sound on auscultation, especially when the child “exhales”. However, during the period of bronchiectasis, children may experience respiratory discomfort such as runny nose, phlegm, cough, etc. due to excessive respiratory secretions, therefore, parents’ careful care is needed. 1, a total ban on smoking: indoor environment should be a total ban on smoking, so as not to aggravate the child’s respiratory symptoms, and there are studies that show that avoiding exposing children to second-hand smoke can also reduce the risk of children suffering from bronchitis. In addition, to avoid the accumulation of sputum in the bronchi, parents should help (remind) the child to replenish enough water. 3.Appropriate sputum patting: Proper sputum patting techniques can help children cough up sputum. However, parents should remember that sputum patting should be done 1 hour before or 2 hours after feeding. In addition, if the physician has prescribed medication, the child should be patted after the medication has been administered, and the child should wear clothes when patting to avoid the stinging sensation when parents help the child snap. Bronchitis is a viral infection that causes inflammation and edema in the small bronchial tubes, therefore, “bronchodilators” may not be effective for bronchitis, so the clinical response of the child should be closely observed when administering medication, and then decide whether the child should continue to use the medication. The principle of medication Bronchiectasis is a viral infection, therefore, physicians mostly adopt “supportive (symptomatic) treatment”, that is, when a child has a fever (38.5℃ or above), physicians will give the child “antipyretic and analgesic”, and when the child has a cough and sputum, physicians will prescribe “cough suppressant and phlegm” and other drugs. As for, the use of antibiotics is unnecessary.