Definition of fever: Fever, also known as fever, refers to the direct action of pyrogen on the thermoregulatory center, the dysfunction of the thermoregulatory center or various causes of excessive heat production and reduced heat dissipation, resulting in an increase in body temperature above the normal range.
Normal pediatric oral temperature is 36, 2 ℃ ~ 37, 2 ℃, axillary temperature (commonly used in the family measurement method) than the oral temperature 0, 3 ~ 0, 5 ℃, anal temperature than the oral temperature 0, 3 ~ 0, 5 ℃.
Note: The baby’s body temperature is related to the measurement method, the child’s age, the amount of activity, the amount of clothing worn, and the outside temperature. The younger the body temperature appears higher, bathing, exercise, after meals and other body temperature can be slightly higher. Body temperature can also fluctuate from day to day, being lower in the morning and higher at dusk; higher during the day and lower at night. It is best to take measurements at different times of the day and repeatedly.
When your baby has a fever, the corresponding treatment countermeasures are to carefully observe the changes in the condition (such as spirit, appetite, breathing, urine and stool, etc.), pay attention to monitoring the body temperature, preferably once an hour or even once half an hour; increase or decrease the baby’s clothes in a timely manner, do not put too many clothes or cover the baby with too many blankets; keep the indoor air circulation, try to avoid going to places with many people and smoking; avoid When the child’s body temperature is lower than 38,5 ℃, you can not use antipyretic drugs, drink more water and give physical cooling (such as the application of antipyretic paste, warm water bath, forehead cold compress (when applying cold compresses with ice bags, must be wrapped in a layer of towels outside to prevent skin frostbite), but not recommended to take alcohol wipe), while paying close attention to changes in the condition, if necessary, seek medical advice; if the child’s body temperature exceeds If the child’s temperature exceeds 38,5℃, you can take antipyretic drugs, currently commonly used pediatric antipyretic drugs such as Tylenol, Merlin, etc. It is best to use under the guidance of a pediatrician; it is best to seek medical attention in a timely manner; some infants and children can cause convulsions (seizures) due to sudden high fever. Babies who have a history of febrile convulsions or a family history of convulsions or epilepsy need to be cooled down promptly when the baby has a fever, and it is best to seek medical attention promptly.
Do not apply antibiotic drugs (commonly known as anti-inflammatory drugs) (such as penicillin, cephalosporin, etc.) and hormones at will. The application of such drugs must be under the guidance of a doctor and be symptomatic according to the condition.
If the child has a persistent fever, cough, convulsions (seizures), poor mental health, increased breathing, rapid heartbeat, digestive discomfort (anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea), headache, significantly reduced or no urine output, unexplained rash, etc., he/she must seek medical attention in a timely manner; in addition, in the process of seeking medical attention, cooperate with the doctor to do the necessary tests to identify the cause of the disease so that timely and accurate treatment can be provided, rather than blindly fearing and In addition, it is important to cooperate with the doctor in the process of medical treatment to identify the cause of the disease so that timely and accurate treatment can be provided, rather than blindly fearing and abusing drugs.
Dietary considerations for babies with fever.
When fever occurs, the baby’s metabolism is accelerated and nutrient consumption increases. At the same time, fever affects the digestive system and can lead to loss of appetite.
When fever occurs, the baby’s respiratory tract and skin evaporate water, and the heat accumulated in the body is dissipated by sweating when the fever subsides, so it is necessary to pay attention to strengthening nutrition and replenishing water when fever occurs.
Drink more water: babies need water most when they have a fever, drinking more water can promote sweating and urination, which helps babies reduce fever, and in the case of refusing to drink water, you can drink juice instead; diet adjustment: it is advisable to be light and easy to digest.
In the acute phase of the disease or high fever, should eat some easily digestible food, usually a semi-liquid diet, severe cases can take a liquid diet, such as thin rice, rice soup (not only to provide heat, but also sufficient water, easy to digest and absorb), noodles, do not give children more high-protein diet, usually a semi-liquid diet, severe cases can take a liquid diet; in the recovery period or after the fever subsides, more can be gradually changed from a semi-liquid diet to a general diet, to supplement protein, calories and minerals. In the recovery period or after the fever has subsided, the child can gradually change from a semi-liquid diet to a general diet to supplement protein, calories and minerals.
The fever itself is not a disease, but a symptom, it is a manifestation of the disease and has various effects.
Some parents think that it is because their child has a fever that he or she has a more serious illness, but this is not the case. For example, pneumonia can cause a fever, but a fever does not necessarily lead to pneumonia. Only diseases that destroy the brain tissue itself (such as encephalitis and meningitis) can hurt intelligence and sensory functions, not fever that makes people stupid and deaf. Of course, persistent high fever may cause protein denaturation affecting the function of various organs.
Fever may have multiple effects. For example, (1) fever is a normal immune response: fever is a signal that the child is sick, but it is also a protective response of the body against the invasion of various external disease-causing factors. (2) Inhibit the growth and pathogenic ability of certain pathogenic factors: the increase of body temperature can inhibit the ability of some pathogenic bacteria in the human body. To a certain extent, fever is a manifestation of the body’s defensive ability, which is conducive to further removal of pathogens, defeat of diseases, and recovery of the body. We can think of fever as the external manifestation of the child’s own resistance to the fierce struggle with invading pathogens, and often after a few fevers you will find that your baby is not so easily sick.
Medical knowledge about “fever” Fever is a common feature of many diseases, can be divided into infectious fever and non-infectious fever, most of the infectious fever is the main, infectious fever can be divided into viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections and other causes of fever. Common diseases are.
1, acute upper respiratory tract infection (referred to as “upper sense”, commonly known as “cold”): the incidence is high. These diseases can be manifested as infection in one or more parts of the nose, sinuses, pharynx, throat, etc. These diseases can have fever in addition to the corresponding symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, throat discomfort, sore throat, mild cough, hoarseness, headache and weakness, loss of appetite, vomiting or diarrhea. It is caused by viral infection and usually heals itself in about 1 week after simple treatment.
2, lower respiratory tract infections: such as pneumonia, can be manifested as fever, cough, shortness of breath or difficulty, the doctor can often hear the lung wet rales, the onset of all seasons, winter and spring are common, often due to viral or bacterial infection, the condition changes greatly, must be timely consultation.
3, digestive tract diseases: common in diarrhea. Because of the imperfect gastrointestinal function of children, low resistance to disease, if improper feeding or viral or bacterial infection, fever, diarrhea, vomiting and other symptoms are likely to occur.
4. Acute infectious diseases: Commonly seen are early childhood emergency rash, chicken pox, mumps, scarlet fever, measles, toxic bacillary dysentery, etc. Simple identification as follows.
(1) emergency rash: fever for about 3 days, the fever subsides and a small red rash appears all over the body; (2) chicken pox: fever, red rash, blisters and crusted herpes exist simultaneously on the trunk; (3) mumps: fever, diffuse swelling and pain on one or both sides of the cheek; (4) scarlet fever: fever, dense small red rash appears all over the body; (5) measles: fever, cough, teary eyes at first, fever 3 (6) toxic bacillary dysentery: high fever, convulsions, and even coma, with pus and blood in the stool after a few hours or more than 10 hours.
5.Other: such as skin mucous membrane lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki disease), infectious mononucleosis, leukemia, tumors, etc.