Genetic factors and environmental factors are the two main causes of myopia. The vast majority of myopia occurs on the basis of genetic factors influenced by the environment. The most important of these environmental factors is myopic stress, followed by diet and nutrition. Near vision stress includes excessive eye contact and prolonged near vision. Close reading distance, long duration, incorrect reading posture, tilted head reading, long time watching TV or using computer can significantly increase the near vision load, which can cause changes such as eye muscle traction, eye collection strengthening, excessive ciliary muscle tension, eye pressure rise, and finally lead to eye axis lengthening and myopia. Myopia prevention should be done in the following areas: 1, to develop the correct posture of young people writing, reading, do not lie on the table or crooked head, twisted body writing and reading. Books and eyes should be kept at a distance of 30cm. 2, close eye time should not be too long, every 30 to 40 minutes to rest 5 to 10 minutes. When resting, you should look into the distance, so that your eyes can fully relax. 3, the light intensity should be moderate. At night or in a dark environment, lighting is best used 40W incandescent lamp, placed in the upper left corner of the desk. This is because the incandescent light is relatively soft, good color rendering performance, the eye can easily adapt to prevent the light is too strong or too dark brought about by eye fatigue. 4, write when holding the pen in the correct posture, fingers can not cover the pen tip. 5.Don’t read books while walking, riding in a car or lying down. 6.Less TV, less computer, more outdoor activities, 7.Nutrition balance, not picky, less sweets, more fresh fruits, vegetables, beans, animal liver and seafood, etc. 8, to ensure adequate sleep, do not sleep with the lights on. 9.Actively participate in physical exercise to enhance physical fitness. 10, the treatment of myopia actually lies in the prevention, once myopia, the main treatment is to control the growth, to prevent the emergence of complications.