You may be more concerned about your baby’s nutrition, and you are better at it. However, most mothers are at their wits’ end when their baby boy’s “balls” suddenly become red and painful. What is wrong with your baby’s “balls”? What are the possible diseases? What kind of treatment is needed? Balls, are you sick? As a reproductive organ, the mission of the “balls” is self-evident, and parents are most concerned about the safety of the “balls”. The sudden onset of scrotal pain in children, with or without redness and swelling, is collectively referred to as “pediatric scrotal emergencies” and is more common in children and adolescents. “The most common causes include testicular torsion, testicular adnexal torsion, orchitis and epididymitis, scrotal hematoma, inguinal hernia, and testicular syringomyelia. Less common ones include acute idiopathic scrotal edema, varicocele and involvement pain caused by acute appendicitis. 1. Testicular torsion Period: Common in newborns and adolescents. Testicular torsion refers to the testicle twisting along its longitudinal axis, causing testicular ischemia due to the obstruction of testicular blood supply, and even causing testicular necrosis if not treated in time. The onset of testicular torsion is often sudden, and the child rarely has a clear history of trauma, and the torsion is mostly spontaneous. Testicular torsion in the neonatal period mostly occurs in utero, usually without pain, mostly without clinical symptoms, only testicular enlargement. Performance: The clinical manifestation is severe pain and swelling of the affected testis and scrotum, and a few children have nausea and vomiting, which are not severe. Physical examination shows that the scrotum is swollen, highly tense and difficult to palpate, and the testicular reflex cannot be elicited. If the child also suffers from cryptorchidism, the location of the pain is related to the location of the testicles. 2. Testicular adnexal torsion Period: Mostly occurs in school-age children. Performance: In school-age children, the pain is usually scrotal, the skin is mildly red and swollen, and the dull scrotal pain may radiate to the lower abdomen. Painful nodules can be found in the upper pole of the testicle or between the epididymis, which is a special manifestation of testicular adnexal torsion. 3.Testiculitis Period: Testicular inflammation is mostly caused by infection, and epididymitis is mostly seen in adolescence and infants with lower urinary tract obstruction. Performance: manifested as sudden dull pain in the scrotal area, swelling and tenderness of the epididymis, may be accompanied by fever, and white blood cells or pus cells are visible in urinalysis. If your baby has a scrotal emergency, it is important to consult a doctor in time to avoid delaying the best time for diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosis and treatment: Firstly, a specialist examination is needed; secondly, scrotal ultrasound is one of the most common auxiliary examinations. Among the common causes of testicular torsion, to put it plainly, the neck of the “balls” is stuck and twisted, and the “balls” are in danger. The life and death of the “balls” is closely related to the angle and time of torsion, early diagnosis is the only option for mothers, once the testicular torsion is diagnosed, surgery is required. The testicular adnexal torsion also requires surgical treatment. For acute orchitis and epididymitis caused by infection, sometimes not only medication is needed, but also surgery if there is an infection that is difficult to control. Special Note: Parents should pay attention to the fact that pediatric diseases are diverse and progress rapidly, not to mention that the sickness is the “balls” of male babies. The urologists at Dalian Children’s Hospital will provide individualized treatment plans for your baby’s condition. The scrotum is swollen and painful, and testicular torsion is a cause for alarm. If you seek early treatment, you will be blessed with many children and grandchildren.