Before answering this question, I would like to clarify the difference between “adenomyosis” and “adenomyoma”, and then I would like to talk about the reasons why the pain after menstruation is still unbearable, as well as the ways to relieve the pain. In my daily consultations, I am often asked, “What is the difference between adenomyosis and adenomyoma? Are they the same disease?” Adenomyosis and adenomyoma are one kind of disease? Here to tell the majority of patients with adenomyosis is that adenomyosis and adenomyoma is actually a disease, the difference is: when the adenomyosis foci in the uterus grows more centralized aggregation, long in the formation of a tumor-like body, it is known as adenomyoma; those foci of the tissue is more dispersed is called adenomyosis. Why is the pain still unbearable after menstruation? Patients often say, “I have adenomyosis, why do I still have pain even after my menstrual period is over, sometimes for more than 20 days a month?” The pain after menstruation in adenomyosis is caused by edema of the lesion tissue. What can be done to relieve it? Generally, it is recommended to relieve the pain by using some anal plug pain suppositories or taking pain medication to relieve pain symptoms; however, it can only play a role in relieving the symptoms but not in relieving the pain from the root of the disease. In addition, it is necessary to give more reasonable therapeutic advice and suggestions according to the patient’s own situation. What is the size of your uterus? Do you have reproductive needs? Do you have heavy menstrual flow and have induced anemia? If the patient has reproductive needs and is still in the stage of trying to conceive and in vitro fertilization, he can take some hormone injections to reduce the secretion of estrogen, so as to make the uterus smaller temporarily to improve the pregnancy rate; the symptoms will also be relieved during the injections. However, those who do not have a need for reproduction and are simply suffering from adenomyosis should not take the injections in order to relieve the symptoms of dysmenorrhea. The basic situation is that once the injection is stopped, the menstrual cycle resumes, estrogen increases immediately, and the uterus is stimulated to enlarge rapidly, which is medically called “rebound”, and the dysmenorrhea is most likely to become more severe. This is also a common situation reflected by patients in the course of daily consultations.