The typical symptoms of diabetes are “three more and one less”, i.e., excessive urination, excessive drinking, excessive eating and weight loss. The most common metabolic disease is diabetes, which is characterized by elevated blood glucose in the body. In normal people, fasting blood glucose ranges from 3.9-6.1 mmol/l. Diabetes is diagnosed when fasting blood glucose is greater than 7.0 mmol/l or 2 hours postprandial blood glucose is greater than 11.1 mmol/l.
Patients with diabetes mellitus have elevated blood glucose in the body, which increases the osmotic eye in the body, resulting in symptoms of polyuria due to osmotic diuresis, which then causes the patient to be thirsty and drink more; because of impaired utilization of glucose in peripheral tissues, the body increases the breakdown of fat and protein to supply function, so it gradually sees wasting, weakness, and impaired growth and development in children; because the sugar in the body is excreted as Since the sugar in the body is excreted as urine sugar, the patient does not absorb enough energy to maintain the body’s needs, so the patient is prone to hunger and overeating. The clinical manifestations of diabetes are often described as “three more and one less”.
In addition, high blood glucose also predisposes to secondary infections, and some patients may have itchy skin, especially due to external itching. High blood glucose can also alter the osmotic pressure of the atrial fluid, and patients may experience blurred vision.