The main items observed in urine routine are white blood cells, red blood cells, urine protein, and occult blood. If urine leukocytes are found to be positive and the patient also has symptoms such as frequent urination, urgent urination, painful urination, back pain and fever, consider that the patient has a urinary tract infection. If the urine routine finds elevated red blood cells and positive urine protein, consider that the patient has nephritis. At this time, we should observe whether the patient has elevated blood pressure and edema. If there are no such symptoms, it is considered to have occult nephritis; if there are such symptoms, it is considered to have chronic nephritis, acute nephritis and other secondary nephritis. Kidney function test is mainly to observe urea, creatinine and uric acid. If urea and creatinine are reduced, the clinical significance is not great; if urea creatinine is both elevated, it indicates that the detoxification ability of the kidney is reduced and the patient has renal failure. The next step is to actively search for the cause, clarify what the specific cause is, and give timely treatment. And if uric acid is found to be elevated in kidney function, timely intervention should be given because uric acid can aggravate kidney function.
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