The prodromal symptoms of the occurrence of esophageal fistula are often not systemic, but merely neck discomfort, swelling and pain, combined with swallowing discomfort; local swelling and pressure pain on the more normal side, but usually the swelling and pressure pain after surgery feels normal and difficult to draw our attention to, the more characteristic signs are the local skin is dark red and the mass is progressively enlarged. Etiology: Esophageal fistula is a serious complication of cervical spine surgery and is a very serious situation that can be caused by combined injuries from cervical spine operations, delayed emergence of the present, or can be directly caused by anterior cervical spine surgery, sometimes also due to the revision of anterior cervical surgery or taking internal fixation surgery without careful separation and scar tissue and accidental injury to the esophagus, there are also cases of esophageal fistula caused by the formation of chronic ulcerative perforation due to compression of the esophagus by loose internal fixation or even dislodged parts. There are cases of esophageal fistula due to chronic ulcerative perforation caused by compression of the esophagus by internal fixation or even dislodged components. Esophageal fistulas should be differentiated from infections and delayed hemorrhage, and local puncture and blood work can definitely help. The diagnosis is confirmed by a coarse needle aspiration, if the contents of the mass are pale blue digestive fluid or mucus mixed with undigested food fragments, or, of course, in cases of late incision with spillage of the contents. The physical signs of esophageal fistula are characteristic, with progressive enlargement of the neck on one side, resembling a bird’s bulging sac after eating.