Heart valve disease usually has a duration of several years or even more than a decade by the time surgical treatment is performed. Patients are exhibiting many signs and symptoms of heart failure, such as panic, palpitations, shortness of breath, terminal breathing, abdominal distention, and swelling of both lower extremities. After the etiological diagnosis is clarified prior to surgery, it is the assessment of the heart function – i.e. the degree of heart failure. In order to reduce the risk of surgery and improve the success rate, regular medical medication is administered to control and restore the heart function to its optimal state. During surgery and early post-surgery, cardiac surgeons and anesthesiologists and intensivists also make continued therapeutic adjustments to cardiac function. Doctors set the discharge criteria for patients to return to the best possible level of cardiac function prior to surgery. In practice, long-term heart damage cannot be completely cured after a single surgery, so the patient’s heart function needs to continue to be treated with medication for quite some time after discharge. Generally digoxin and diuretics should be continued for more than a year under medical supervision, and then reduced or discontinued as appropriate to obtain the desired results i.e. correction of anatomical damage and improvement of cardiac function. A significant proportion of the many post-valve replacement patients I answer have misconceptions about the effectiveness of surgical treatment, and they believe that if they have surgery, they are better. Therefore, it is important for cardiac surgeons to educate patients undergoing valve replacement about post-surgical related knowledge.