In general, there is not much difference in the response to antihypertensive drugs between women and men. However, due to differences in gender and hormone levels in the body, some drugs are not used in women during pregnancy, and there are also certain antihypertensive drugs that have a high probability of side effects in women. Therefore, female patients also need some attention when choosing drugs. 1.Diuretics
: For postmenopausal women, thiazide diuretics can reduce the risk of bone loss and hip fracture. Because diuretics can cause side effects such as electrolyte and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, the use of diuretics in clinical practice is somewhat restricted. However, to date there is no conclusive evidence that diuretic-induced increases in blood glucose increase the incidence of clinical events. The use of diuretics in women with hypertension who are hyperlipidemic and diabetic still reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Dale Shengjie, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University 2. beta-blockers: beta-blockers are recommended as first-line antihypertensive agents for patients with hypertension combined with stable angina pectoris, acute coronary syndrome and heart failure. In women during pregnancy, beta-blockers are indicated. Beta-blockers with alpha effect in therapy (labetalol) can be used in all phases of pregnancy. 3. ACEI (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor): Because of its high teratogenicity, it is contraindicated for women who intend to become pregnant and are in pregnancy. In addition, compared to male patients, the incidence of side effects of dry cough is three times higher in female patients using ACEI antihypertensive drugs than in men. 4. ARB (angiotensin receptor antagonist): These drugs can also reduce urinary albumin and are suitable for patients with hypertension combined with diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic kidney disease. However, ARBs are still contraindicated in patients with hypertension during pregnancy and lactation. In addition, for patients with joint disease and postmenopausal women, it may induce or aggravate joint pain, which needs to be taken seriously. 5, direct renin inhibitor: FDA-approved new drug Aliskiren is a direct renin inhibitor. The drug has a very good antihypertensive effect and tolerability, causing a small side effect of dry cough. However, it is prohibited for women during pregnancy. 6, CCB (calcium antagonist): CCB alone or in combination with ACEI or ARB drugs can reduce the occurrence of proteinuria in patients with hypertensive nephropathy. It is recommended as an adjunct to hypertension in women with suboptimal blood pressure control.