Hypertension is a clinical syndrome characterized by increased blood pressure in the arteries of the body circulation, which may be accompanied by functional or organic damage to the heart, brain, kidneys and other organs. Hypertension is the most common chronic disease and the most important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. How to prevent and control hypertension? 1, pay attention to the combination of work and rest. To prevent and control the harm caused by hypertension, the main link also lies in early prevention, prevention is the most effective way to deal with hypertension, otherwise it will be too late when complications arise. In general, about 41% of people with blood pressure greater than the normal high limit will develop long-term hypertension within four years. Therefore, people with blood pressure greater than the normal high limit should also receive antihypertensive treatment. Since excessive cortical tension is an important factor in the occurrence of hypertension, it is recommended that patients with hypertension should arrange rest and activities appropriately with their condition in their lives. 8 hours of sleep and appropriate lunch breaks should be maintained every day, and relaxing walks with family members in boulevards, creeks, and parks are appropriate for most patients with hypertension. Of course, appropriate radio gymnastics, tai chi, to maintain physical strength, to promote blood pressure recovery is also very good. Mild and moderate hypertension patients can also ride bicycles and swim. Pay attention to keep the bowels open, to develop the habit of regular bowel movements, the elderly and patients with severe hypertension, it is best to arrange activities under the guidance of a doctor, do not try to win, greedy for a moment of pleasure and cause lifelong regret. For some diseases that can lead to hypertension, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible for treatment. 2, pay attention to a reasonable diet. Hypertension patients should observe the principle of low salt, low fat, low calorie diet, and pay attention to the reasonable mix of dietary structure; diet should not be too full, too fast; it is best to avoid bad habits. From the perspective of hypertension prevention, we should also pay attention to the appropriate control of salt intake and change the habit of “heavy mouth” diet. Research results show that about 20% of the population is suffering from hypertension due to excessive salt, this part of the population is medically known as salt-sensitive people. In addition, there are some foods are natural “antihypertensive drugs”, usually pay attention to the appropriate food to help lower blood pressure. 3, drug treatment. For those for whom the general preventive measures are ineffective, it is necessary to actively medicate. Of course, taking medication is not a casual matter, must follow the relevant principles to carry out. It is recommended that hypertensive patients should not interrupt or intermittently take their medication, and adherence to medication can effectively reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. Due to individual differences, it is necessary to constantly explore the process of taking medication in order to obtain the smallest and most appropriate dose and obtain the best therapeutic effect. For drug selection, the combination of diuretics and beta-blockers is currently advocated to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events and morbidity and mortality in patients with diastolic hypertension. Beta-blockers alone should not be used in the elderly, unless complications require beta-blockers. Patients with early-onset hypertension or older patients can be treated initially with diuretics, and systolic hypertension alone may also be treated optionally with dihydropyridine calcium antagonists, such as captopril, which appear to be as effective as diuretics and beta-blockers in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular events. To ensure that blood pressure remains relatively stable throughout the day without excessive fluctuations, it is recommended that long-acting agents such as Lopressor be preferred. As there are more varieties of antihypertensive drugs, some acting on beta receptors and some being angiotensin II antagonists, side effects are prone to occur if not chosen properly, it is recommended that patients should still be clearly diagnosed in the hospital and it is safer to follow medical advice on medication. After treatment, for patients with all stages of hypertension, systolic blood pressure should be lowered to <150mmHg and diastolic blood pressure to <90mmHg is ideal.