Cancer, also known as malignant tumor, has become a common and frequent disease that threatens human health and life, and even a major cause of death. According to Yu Zhanfei (1992), the proportion of anxiety and depression disorders is as high as 70%. Patients often have endless fears and thoughts, and a few of them have the contradictory emotions of “bright happiness and dark suffering”. Kissane-DW et al. designed a representative descriptive study of patients from nine general hospitals in Melbourne and Victoria (3 months after conservation breast surgery or mastectomy) from October 1994 to March 1997 to determine the prevalence of psychological problems and quality of life in women with early-stage breast cancer. 303 women with early-stage breast cancer were enrolled in an adjuvant A randomized trial of group psychotherapy was conducted with a mean age of 46 years (SD, 8). The DSM-IV Diagnostic Manual, Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ)-C30 and QLQ-BR23 instruments were used. The results showed that of these individuals, 45% (135/303) had a psychiatric disorder; 42% (127) had a depressive or anxiety disorder, or both; 82 (27.1%) were mildly depressed, 26 (8.6%) were mildly anxious, 29 (9.6%) were more depressed, 21 (6.9%) had a phobic disorder, and 20% had more than one disorder. Regarding the evaluation of quality of life, nearly 1/3 of the women felt less attractive, and most of them lost their sexual desire. They were genuinely distressed by hair loss. Thirteen described symptoms of lymphedema. It was concluded that women with early-stage breast cancer had a high incidence of psychiatric and psychological disorders. Quality of life was substantially compromised. Therefore, clinicians should actively explore the psychological adjustment of patients to identify and treat these disorders early. Newport-DJ and Nemeroff-CB examined the prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of depression in cancer patients. Although depression is frequently encountered in cancer patients, it is often undiagnosed and untreated. As a consequence, depressed cancer patients experience poorer quality of life, poorer compliance with medical care, longer hospital stays, and higher mortality rates. They examined the limited information related to the treatment of depression in cancer patients, including a discussion of both psychosocial and pharmacological interventions that have been shown to reduce depression, improve quality of life measures, enhance immune function, and prolong survival. Bottomley-A mentioned that it is estimated that 20-25% of cancer patients often have unrecognized and untreated chronic depression, a condition that makes life miserable. Symptoms include: sleep deprivation; loss of interest in life; anxiety; irritability; inability to concentrate; suicidal thoughts in severe cases; and finally an overall poor quality of life. Most patients with a clinical diagnosis of depression are effectively treated with one or the other treatment modality (psychological, pharmacological or a combination of both), and it is now important for health care professionals to routinely assess and provide treatment for depression in cancer patients. Huang Li et al. discussed the necessity and feasibility of clinical oncology psychotherapy, pointing out that as the concept of general psychological counseling and psychotherapy continues to gain popularity, the number of oncology patients in need of psychological help will continue to increase, and discussed some specific problems that need to be solved in the implementation of oncology clinical psychotherapy, proposing the gradual establishment of a set of oncology treatment models with Chinese characteristics based on the study of the psychological characteristics of oncology patients in China. He also discussed some specific problems that need to be solved in the implementation of oncology clinical psychotherapy, and proposed to gradually establish a set of oncology treatment models with Chinese characteristics based on the research of the psychological characteristics of Chinese oncology patients. Ji Jianlin introduced the four most widely used psychosocial interventions for cancer patients at home and abroad: education, behavioral training, individual psychotherapy and group intervention. “If organized psychosocial interventions are provided early in the treatment process, the patient may be less likely to be stigmatized as “terminally ill. Postone-N believes that cancer is linked to major psychosocial pathologies. Psychotherapy with cancer patients has unique features, such as salient issues related to the disease in the initial stages of treatment, the combination of supportive and interpretive treatment, focused goals, and special issues inherent in the empathy/counter-empathy domain. An understanding of these specific issues can help psychiatrists use long course psychotherapy as an effective psychosocial intervention for cancer patients. The following is a review of the indications, goals, methods, and effects of clinical psychotherapy for cancer patients in China and abroad, as well as the effects of psychotherapy on pain, immune function, survival, and quality of life in cancer patients, and an outlook on future developments for more effective psychotherapy for cancer patients in clinical practice. Kurt Fritzsche et al. pointed out that individual stress capacity, patient’s health beliefs, dominant defensive and coping processes, and patient’s personal treatment goals should be taken into consideration when defining the indications for psychotherapy procedures. These indications are: 1. Anxiety and depression in response to cancer and its treatment. 2. 2. vegetative psychiatric symptoms such as insomnia, intrinsic restlessness, difficulty concentrating, pain without physical cause, nausea, non-specific weakness and fatigue, especially during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 3. Potential conflicts or personality disorders that tend to become apparent as a result of cancer. 4. Post-traumatic stress reaction (PTSD), e.g., after bone marrow transplantation. 5.Conflict and acceptance problems in spousal relationship and source family. The goals of psychotherapy for cancer patients Kurt Fritzsche et al. proposed that the main goal of intervention is to support and improve the quality of life in coping with the disease. Specific goals are: 1. To reduce emotional symptoms such as anxiety and depression. 2. Supporting patients to verbalize stressful emotions such as anger, fear, rage and disappointment. 3. Learning behavioral skills to cope with the illness. 4.Learn to live a normal life again. 5.Reducing emotional stress in family or partner relationships. 6. Release the taboo of discussing death. 7. Learning relaxation techniques to reduce insomnia, pain and nausea. The psychosocial problems faced by patients and their families are influenced by individual, sociocultural, medical and family factors. Quality of life. In a multi-pathway trial, Goodwin et al. randomly assigned 235 women with metastatic breast cancer who were expected to survive for at least three months in a 2:1 ratio. 158 were placed in the intervention group, which participated in supportive-expressive group therapy once a week; 77 were placed in the control group, which did not receive such an intervention. All women received educational materials as well as any necessary medical or psychosocial care. Psychosocial functioning was assessed by a self-report questionnaire. Results revealed that women who participated in supportive-expressive therapy showed greater improvement in psychological symptoms and reported less pain than women in the control group (p=0.04). Women who initially felt pain benefited, while women who were in less pain did not benefit as much. The psychological intervention did not prolong survival (mean survival, 17.9 months in the intervention group and 17.6 months in the control group; hazard ratio for death 1.06 [95% confidence interval, 0.78-1.45] by univariate analysis and 1.23 [95% confidence interval, 0.88-1.72] by multivariate analysis. The final conclusion is that supportive expression therapy does not prolong survival in metastatic breast cancer, but may improve mood and pain perception, especially in women who are initially more distressed. Supportive Expressive Therapy can be used to help cancer patients express and cope with disease-related emotions, increase social support, strengthen relationships with family and physicians, and improve symptom control. Classen et al. randomized 125 women with metastatic breast cancer into two groups, 64 in the intervention group and 61 in the control group. Women in the intervention group received weekly supportive expression group therapy and educational materials for 1 year. The control group received only educational materials. Participants were assessed initially and every 4 months for the first year. Results showed that the intervention group had a significant decrease in traumatic stress symptoms on the Life Event Impact Scale (effect size, 0.25) compared to the control group, while there was no difference in overall mood dysregulation on the Mood State Inventory. However, when the final assessment of death occurring within one year was removed, secondary analyses showed that the treatment group had significantly lower overall mood dysregulation scores (effect size, 0.25) and traumatic stress symptoms (effect size, 0.33) compared to the control group. The conclusion suggests that supportive expression therapy focuses on providing support to help patients face and cope with illness-related stress and reduce their distress. Spiegel et al. examined the feasibility of implementing manualized treatment, supportive-expressive group psychotherapy, in a busy oncology practice in the United States. The intervention used with women with primary breast cancer not only tested the efficacy of the intervention, but also the accessibility of the intervention to less experienced group therapists. 111 patients diagnosed with breast cancer within 1 year were from different regions of the National Cancer Research Group Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) and two academic medical centers.