Acute hypertension, also known as malignant hypertension, is a rapidly progressive condition with a diastolic blood pressure of ≥130 mmHg or more, often accompanied by fundus hemorrhage and optic papilledema. Acute hypertension is common in young people and develops from primary hypertension as well as secondary hypertension. Patients often develop cardiac insufficiency and renal insufficiency, and in severe cases, diffuse intravascular coagulation and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, which are more urgent and require aggressive blood pressure control as well as management of complications.