Nasal polyp is a common nasal disease, usually found in adults, mostly in the maxillary sinus, sieve sinus, middle nasal tract, middle turbinate, etc. Etiology 1. Microenvironmental theory of the middle nasal tract The microenvironmental gap of the middle nasal tract is narrow, convex and uneven, where the inhaled airflow is easy to form turbulent flow; cilia function is weakened, cilia activity is impaired; mucosal blood flow in the middle nasal tract is significantly reduced compared with other parts of the nose. The natural defense function of the middle nasal tract is weakened, and the local area is easily damaged by harmful factors, which creates conditions for the formation of nasal polyps. 2, nasal metaplasia nasal polyp tissue can be found more mast cells, eosinophils and IgE-producing cells, and their fluid within the IgE level is increased, suggesting a role of local allergic. 3.Eosinophilic inflammation Nearly 90% of nasal polyps tissues have more eosinophil infiltration, suggesting that nasal polyps are closely related to the increase of this cell. 4.Bacterial superantigen theory Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common commensal bacteria in the nasal cavity. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin can directly activate a large number of Th2 cells, B cells, eosinophils and mast cells in the nasal mucosa of the middle nasal tract, causing them to synthesize and release a large number of pro-inflammatory cytokines, aggravating the local inflammatory response in the middle nasal tract and promoting polyp formation. Nasal polyps are more frequent bilaterally and less frequently unilaterally. Common symptoms: 1. Persistent nasal congestion worsens as the polyp grows in size. 2, nasal secretions increase, sometimes accompanied by sneezing, secretions can be plasma, mucus, such as concurrent sinus infection, secretions can be purulent. 3.Many have smell disorder. 4.Heavy nasal congestion, occlusive nasal sound, snoring during sleep. 5.Polyps can be felt in the nasal cavity with breathing. 6.Polyps in the posterior nostril can cause difficulty in exhalation through the nose, and if the polyps obstruct the eustachian tube, it can cause tinnitus and hearing loss. 7, polyps obstruct sinus drainage, can cause sinusitis, patients appear nasal back, frontal and cheek swelling and discomfort.