The ovary is one of the internal reproductive organs in the female body, mainly producing follicles and ovulation. The ovaries are generally located posteriorly below the fallopian tubes. The ovarian surface is devoid of peritoneum and is covered by a single layer of surface epithelium and a layer of fibrous tissue of the ovarian white membrane, and the ovarian tissue is generally divided into cortex and medulla. There are usually two ovaries, one on each side, which are flattened and oval in shape. In adult women, the ovaries are about 4 cm by 3 cm by 1 cm in size, and their size and function vary with age, and they gradually shrink after menopause. In young girls, the surface of the ovaries is smooth, and after ovulation during puberty, the surface of the ovaries becomes uneven. The function of the ovaries is mainly reproductive and endocrine. The ovaries’ reproductive function is mainly reflected in the production of follicles and ovulation every month, and the combination of the ovum and sperm after normal sexual intercourse produces a fertilized egg, which is one of the necessary conditions for a woman to get pregnant. In conclusion, the ovaries are one of the internal reproductive organs of women and have reproductive and endocrine functions, producing follicles and ovulating.