Congenital hip dislocation is one of the more common congenital malformations in pediatric patients. It is more common in posterior dislocation and exists at birth, more in females than males, about 6:1, twice as many on the left side than on the right side, and less in bilateral cases. It is mainly due to congenital dysplasia or abnormalities of the acetabulum, femoral head, joint capsule, ligaments and nearby muscles, resulting in joint laxity, subluxation or dislocation. In addition, the abnormal position of the fetus in the womb and hyperflexion of the hip joint also predispose to the disease, and genetic factors are also more obvious. Early treatment is emphasized, and treatment is best in infancy and early childhood, but the older the child is, the worse the effect. It is generally believed that treatment after the age of 2-3 years, even if very successful, will result in hip pain after the age of 35 years, so the emphasis is on neonatal screening and timely diagnosis and treatment to obtain a cure. Treatment options Children in North Korea have almost no congenital hip dislocation. This is because children there are carried rather than held. In case of congenital hip dislocation, the newborn child has to be carried on his back and carried with both legs split upward. The key to the prognosis of this disease is early diagnosis. The earlier the treatment, the better the results. As the age increases, the heavier the pathological changes, the worse the treatment effect. Up to 1 year of age, the strap-stirrup sling method is used. At 8-9 weeks after birth, if the hip joint is found to be subluxed or dislocated, a stirrup sling can be used for 6-9 months. Only the extension of the hip joint is restricted, and all other activities are not restricted. The majority of children can be treated with repositioning and no aseptic necrosis of the femoral head occurs, except for a few cases where there are factors in the hip joint that prevent repositioning. The dressing sleeve method and the abduction as a swaddling support method are also used to maintain the hip for more than 4 months. 1-3 years of age: For some children with mild disease, the stirrup sling method can still be used. If the child cannot be reset after 4-6 weeks of use, the treatment can be changed to manual rehabilitation and plaster fixation method. Method of revision: Under general anesthesia, the child is placed in the supine position, the hip and knee joint on the affected side are flexed by 90° each, and traction is applied in the direction of the long axis of the thigh, while the greater trochanter is compressed, so that the femoral head is incorporated into the acetabulum. After reaching the level of correction, because the frog cast tends to affect the development of the femoral head and produce ischemic changes, the frog cast is no longer used in domestic and foreign pediatric surgery and is replaced by the “herringbone cast”, which means that the hip joint is only abducted about 80°, the knee joint is slightly flexed, and the child is allowed to step on the ground with the cast after it is put on. Above 4 years old: At this time, the degree of dislocation is aggravated, and the secondary changes of bone and soft tissue are more serious, so it is difficult to succeed in manual rehabilitation. Schalter pelvic osteotomy is performed. Femoral rotational osteotomy should be added for femoral neck anterior tilt angle greater than 45°. Adults: Charlie’s internal pelvic osteotomy can be considered for adults. If one side of the hip is dislocated to a higher degree and fails to move down by traction, with severe pain and affecting life, a subtrochanteric osteotomy is feasible to change the negative gravity line and improve the symptoms. Disease prevention Pregnant women should not bend over and work during pregnancy. Let your husband work as much as possible. To avoid congenital dislocation of the hip joint in the child after birth. During the 10 months of pregnancy, pregnant women should sit on their backs and pregnant women should not bend and work. This disease is a common deformity disease in the neonatal period, and good early detection, diagnosis and timely treatment can mostly lead to good results. The prevention of congenital hip dislocation note: the method of self-examination First of all, observe the appearance of the lower limbs of the newborn, visible on both sides, the buttocks widen, the thighs are short and thick, and the calves are slender, such as unilateral dislocation, we can see that the skin lines of the groin on both sides are different in length, and the skin lines of the affected side of the buttocks and thighs will also increase and deepen, and the perineum widen. If the above situation is found, the following tests can be performed again to further determine whether there is hip dislocation. 1.Let the newborn baby lie flat on his back, put his feet flush with the two ankles together, and then bend the knees about 90°. If both knees are found to be uneven, it is caused by the upward movement of the femur after dislocation, and the high side is the dislocated side. 2. Let the newborn lie flat on his back, make him bend his knees and hips by 90° each (at right angles), then hold both knees of Mao Mao in abduction, if it is normal, the lateral side of both knees should be able to touch the bed surface. If there is dislocation, the bed surface cannot be touched. In some cases, there will be a sudden bouncing sensation when the abduction reaches 75-80°, and the bed will only be touched later. If the condition is discovered after the child is walking, a series of surgical treatments are required. The earlier the congenital hip dislocation is treated, the better. If it is treated in infancy, the child will walk normally in the future and will not have any influence in later life. However, if treatment is delayed, there is a risk of permanent claudication or hip arthritis.