What is multiple myeloma? Multiple myeloma is a common hematologic malignancy in middle-aged and elderly people, with an incidence of about 1/100,000 to 2/100,000 in China and a male to female ratio of 1.6:1, with most patients aged >40. In recent years, the incidence rate has been increasing year by year, and it ranks second among hematologic malignancies. Clinical manifestations of multiple myeloma: Multiple myeloma has a slow onset and no obvious symptoms in the early stage, so it is easy to be misdiagnosed; the clinical manifestations of MM are diverse, mainly including anemia, bone pain, renal insufficiency, infection, bleeding, neurological symptoms, hypercalcemia, amyloidosis, etc. Staging and stratification of multiple myeloma: The international staging system classifies the risk into three levels based on β2 microglobulin and serum albumin concentrations. Stage I , Stage II, and Stage III . Group A: normal renal function, B: abnormal renal function. Patients with multiple myeloma have immunogenetic alterations, so risk stratification has been performed according to the risk of multiple myeloma, and myeloma patients are classified as high, intermediate and standard risk How should multiple myeloma be treated? The emergence of new drugs such as bortezomib, with which combination chemotherapy regimens are based, can turn the treatment of multiple myeloma into a management of a chronic disease, which can significantly prolong the quality and survival time of patients. However, for patients who are suitable for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is still the best option now. It is believed that combining HSCT with new drugs can bring the treatment of multiple myeloma to a higher level.