Coronary artery disease As the name suggests, it is the abbreviation of coronary heart disease. The heart’s nutrients and oxygen are mainly transported by coronary arteries, and when coronary arteries become atherosclerotic to a certain degree, their walls will become hard and thick, and a large amount of lipid substances will be deposited on the inner walls of the tubes, which will block the blood vessels and cause myocardial hypoxia, ischemia or necrosis. Then there are uncomfortable symptoms such as chest tightness, chest pain, arrhythmia, and in serious cases, sudden death. Predisposing factors for coronary heart disease There are many predisposing factors for coronary heart disease, which can be caused by high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, overweight/obesity, high blood sugar/diabetes, poor lifestyle including smoking, unreasonable diet (high fat, high cholesterol, high calories, etc.), lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, etc. Symptoms of coronary heart disease Coronary heart disease can be triggered by physical activity, emotional excitement, etc. Sudden pain in the precordial region, mostly episodic colic or crushing pain, can also be a feeling of suffocation. The pain starts from the posterior sternum or precordial region and radiates upward to the left shoulder, arm, and even the little finger and ring finger. The radiating parts of chest pain may also involve the neck, jaw, teeth, abdomen, etc. Chest pain can also appear in the quiet state or at night and is caused by coronary spasm, also known as variant angina pectoris. Treatment for coronary artery disease 1. Intracoronary stent implantation Intracoronary stent is a support tube of porous stainless steel (or other metals such as cobalt alloy) that can be opened by balloon expansion, which is attached to the surface of the balloon and delivered by the delivery system to the vascular lesion for release. It completely solves the restenosis caused by the elastic retraction and negative remodeling of blood vessels after PTCA, resulting in a significant reduction in the postoperative restenosis rate. 2.Coronary artery bypass grafting Coronary artery bypass grafting is to take a section of autologous saphenous vein or other vessels located in the leg and bypass between the aorta and the distal end of the blocked lesion of the coronary artery, so that blood from the aorta is supplied to the distal end of the coronary artery through the grafted vessel to restore the blood supply to the corresponding myocardium, improve the ischemic state of the myocardium, and relieve the symptoms of angina pectoris. 3.Coronary balloon angioplasty Percutaneous intracoronary balloon angioplasty is to insert a dilating tube with a balloon into the stenosis of coronary artery, then inflate and pressurize the balloon to dilate the stenotic lumen and reduce the degree of stenosis by mechanical compression and distension of the atheromatous plaque on the coronary artery wall, thus increasing the coronary blood flow and improving the local myocardial blood supply, so that the symptoms caused by myocardial ischemia, such as chest pain and chest pain, can be relieved. This will increase the coronary blood flow and improve the local myocardial blood supply, so that the various symptoms caused by myocardial ischemia, such as chest pain and tightness, can be reduced or disappeared to achieve the purpose of treatment. Different coronary heart disease need to be targeted for specific treatment, usually pay attention to good living and eating habits is one of the keys to avoid coronary heart disease, especially in winter should pay more attention to keep warm, to avoid cold stimulation to increase the burden on the heart.