China entered the aging society in 1999, and by 2020, there will be 167 million people over the age of 65 in China, accounting for 24% of the world’s 698 million elderly people, and one out of four elderly people in the world will be Chinese elderly. Cataract, fundus disease, glaucoma and presbyopia are the common age-related eye diseases. With the advent of an aging society, the incidence of various geriatric eye diseases is on the rise. Especially in economically developed areas, the incidence of fundus disease is showing a spurt. In Shanghai, the incidence of age-related macular degeneration reaches 13.3%, and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy is as high as 41%. Macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy are two major blindness-causing diseases that seriously threaten people’s vision health. An elderly person often has a combination of several age-related eye diseases. In particular, fundus diseases and cataracts negatively affect each other: various fundus diseases such as macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy can accelerate the development of cataracts, while the appearance of cataracts restricts the diagnosis and treatment of various fundus diseases such as macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. How to properly determine the relationship between fundus disease and cataract, and how to start effective treatment for fundus disease and cataract will be a major clinical issue for ophthalmologists in the future. Chen Jili, Ophthalmology Department, Zhabei Hospital, Zhabei District, Shanghai, China Fundus disease is not a contraindication to cataract surgery. For patients with fundus disease, many patients themselves and even some doctors have the view that since the condition of the fundus is not good because of macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, it not only makes cataract surgery more difficult, but also the improvement of vision is not as obvious as that of ordinary patients, so why do we need to operate? This concept is actually wrong. Ophthalmologists have now reached a consensus that if both cataract and fundus conditions exist, treating the cataract first is necessary to diagnose and treat fundus conditions. This is because the fundus must be seen with tests such as imaging, and cataracts cloud the eye lens, making fundus imaging impossible to perform. Moreover, without surgery, cataract will always exist and the cloudy lens will block the incoming and outgoing light, so that the fundus will not receive sufficient light and the function of the fundus will further decline. Older people with other diseases, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, etc., are worried that these diseases will affect the effect of surgery and that they will not be able to withstand eye surgery. In fact, professional doctors will take into account the patient’s body for a comprehensive consideration, so patients do not need to worry too much, especially in general hospitals, where medical conditions are more comprehensive. Cataract patients with systemic diseases are difficult to treat, but as long as the four conditions of experienced surgeons, proper surgical techniques and timing, and excellent surgical equipment are met, surgery for special cataract patients will not be a problem. Moreover, patients with fundus disease often have different degrees of improvement in vision after cataract surgery. A recent study published in Ophthalmology, a top international ophthalmology journal, confirmed that patients with age-related macular degeneration can get effective vision improvement through cataract surgery: more than 11 letters of vision in mild to moderate patients; more than 8 letters of vision in severe patients; and more than 6 letters of vision even in patients with macular atrophy. Not only do these fundus patients get better vision, but they also get a better chance to treat their fundus disease. It is really a double whammy to have both diseases, cataract and fundus disease, effectively treated at the same time.