Lupus nephritis is a type of nephritis caused by systemic lupus erythematosus. Almost all SLEs have varying degrees of renal pathology affected, with the majority of children with SLE presenting with clinical signs of renal damage (diagnosable as lupus nephritis). The incidence of renal damage in children with SLE is higher than that in adults, with 60-80% of kidneys involved in the early stages of the disease and 90% developing renal damage within 2 years. Some children with SLE also have kidney damage as the first symptom, and lupus nephritis is one of the main causes of death in children with SLE.