After esophageal cancer (esophageal tumours) surgery, diet is required. Generally, after 3 to 4 days, intestinal peristalsis is restored, the gastric tube is removed, and a dregs-free liquid diet is allowed on the fifth day. It is mainly water, 50 ml each time, every 2 hours. On the sixth day, a liquid diet with rice juice as the main ingredient, 100 ml every 3 hours. On the seventh day, egg soup and thin rice are the main ingredients, 200 ml each time. Once every 4 hours. Generally, on the twelfth day after surgery, a semi-liquid diet with light and easily digestible food is introduced. The most common type of esophageal cancer is squamous epithelial cell carcinoma, most of which occurs around 70 years of age. The incidence of esophageal cancer varies greatly around the world, with Iran and South Africa being the most common countries. The mortality rate is 3-5/100,000 in western countries and up to 150/100,000 in high prevalence areas. Patients with diagnosed early or middle stage esophageal cancer should seize the opportunity to increase nutrition, give them soft food or semi-liquid food with high protein and high vitamin, and make use of the absorption function of their gastrointestinal tract to supplement nutrition as much as possible, so that they can have a better physical condition to receive surgery or chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The prominent symptom of esophageal cancer patients is difficulty in swallowing, which is also a serious problem of esophageal cancer patients in terms of diet. Most of the esophageal cancer patients’ dysphagia occurs gradually and worsens progressively. At the beginning, patients only have choking sensation when eating dry food, but it gradually worsens to the extent that they have difficulty in eating soft food and semi-liquid food, and finally they have complete difficulty in drinking water and eating good food, which makes patients’ nutritional status worse and worse and finally leads to cachexia. This shows that difficulty in feeding is a very serious problem for esophageal cancer patients. Xiao Bowen, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changsha Central Hospital, focuses on avoiding the following in the diet of esophageal cancer patients: (1) When the patient has choking sensation, do not swallow forcibly, otherwise it will stimulate local cancer tissue bleeding, spreading, metastasis and pain. When choking is serious, patients should eat liquid food or semi-liquid food. (2) Avoid cold liquid food and cold noodles, milk, egg soup, etc., which are placed for a longer period of time. Because the narrow part of the esophagus is very obvious to cold food stimulation, easy to cause esophageal spasm, nausea and vomiting, pain and swelling numbness and other feelings. Therefore, it is better to eat warm food. (3) You should not eat spicy, hot, smelly or awakening stimulating foods, because these foods can also cause esophageal spasm and make the patient uncomfortable. For patients with esophageal cancer who cannot eat at all, they should be given intravenous high nutrition to maintain the needs of the patient’s organism. Some people think that excessive requirement for esophageal cancer patients to abstain from eating will “aggravate” the disease, and patients with esophageal cancer will often suffer from malnutrition due to the special nature of the disease, while some people think that the abstention from eating will cause some discomfort or even aggravate the disease. The specific taboo food can be positioned according to the patient’s own condition, but for advanced stage patients, taboo food is necessary for the following reasons: Cancer, especially advanced stage cancer, often causes serious inflammatory reactions in the body, internal bleeding, tissue ulceration and other complications. At the same time, the proteins and fats contained in hair are excellent materials for cancer cells to reproduce, and the hormones and other biologically active substances contained in hair can enhance the activity of cancer cells and strengthen their ability to transmit information to each other, making them more capable of reproducing in large quantities and resisting the attack of immune system. It is absolutely non-negotiable for esophageal cancer patients to forbid eating hairy substances. The story of “carp jumping from the dragon gate” is well known in China. It is because carp contains many hormones and biologically active substances that it jumps higher than ordinary fish, and that is why it has become a typical hairy substance, although it has high protein, cancer patients should not eat carp. Protein is the “building material” for the reproduction of human cells. Cancer cells multiply a lot during the process of spreading and need a lot of high quality protein to be the “building material” for their reproduction. In this way, cancer cells may absorb a large amount of protein from eggs, thus achieving the purpose of inhibiting cancer cell reproduction and killing cancer cells. The reason is that malignant tumor needs much more energy than normal tissues due to its rapid growth, and it needs to break down a lot of sugar and fat to replenish energy. To sum up, the hairy food mentioned in medical science has certain medical basis. Patients need to choose food according to the requirements of doctors, and in addition, soft food should be the main food in the process of food intake.