Urinary stones are a common disease in people’s life, including stones in kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra. Stones can cause pain, hematuria, urinary tract infection, urinary tract obstruction, etc., and can even cause uremia, which brings a lot of pain to people’s life. In addition to timely treatment of stone disease, then how can we prevent stones? Completely removing stones and eliminating the causes of stone formation is the best prevention method, but for most patients the causes cannot be eradicated and new causes may appear, so long-term and even lifelong attention to prevention is needed, and the prevention and control effects should be monitored in a timely manner. Drinking water guidance: 1. Adult patients should drink 2500-3000 ml/day, and reduce the amount of water for children. In summer, the amount of water can be increased to maintain the urine volume of 2000-3000 ml / day or more. 2, drinking water method: the amount of water should be distributed throughout the day, the excretion of stone components mostly at night and early morning peak, so in addition to drinking a lot of water during the day, before bedtime, after waking up during sleep urination must also drink 300-500 ml of water. Drinking more water can flush urinary stones, dilute urine and change PH value, such as long-term acidic urine (urine PH value <5, 5) prone to uric acid stones, long-term alkaline urine (urine PH value >6, 6) prone to phosphate stones. Alkaline urine is also prone to the formation of magnesium ammonium phosphate stones (urinary pH >7, 2). The occurrence of upper urinary tract stones is closely related to the reasonable combination of diet and nutrition. The excessive intake of animal protein will increase the risk factors of calcium, oxalic acid and uric acid for stone formation. Animal offal and cauliflower contain more purines and are contraindicated for people with high uric acid. Usually you should eat less spinach, beans and dairy foods or eat more low-calcium foods, less meat and more vegetables. The general principle is: pay attention to animal protein, cereals and vegetable fiber with consumption. A low-sugar, low-fat, low-sodium diet is appropriate (appropriate restriction of sodium, i.e., salt intake can reduce the transrenal excretion of sodium, calcium, uric acid and oxalate, which is helpful to prevent recurrence of urinary stones). It is better to make stone composition analysis and take different diet according to the specific stone composition. Third, anti-stone drugs: metabolic abnormalities that cannot be controlled with diet often need to be supplemented with drugs. 1, drugs to reduce stone salt or acid saturation: such as thiazides (to reduce urinary calcium and oxalic acid), cellulose phosphate (to reduce intestinal absorption of calcium), orthophosphates (to increase blood phosphorus and indirectly reduce urinary calcium), etc. 2, drugs that increase urinary inhibitory activity, such as magnesium, potassium raffinate, Chinese medicine, etc. 3, drugs that interfere with promoting factors, such as acetylcysteine, alanine, etc. Timely monitoring the effect of prevention and control: 1, after the stone is removed or discharged, regular ultrasound examination should be applied, once the stone recurs, early application of lithotripsy methods can be used to deal with the stone, should not allow the stone to continue to grow. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the effect of stone prevention regularly by using the method of determining the tendency of stone formation, and replace other drugs if necessary, so that the effect of prevention can be improved.