Tuberculosis is an infectious disease of the lungs caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Human-to-human respiratory transmission is the main mode of transmission of the disease. Its main clinical manifestations include generalized fatigue, insomnia, night sweats, afternoon hot flashes, cough, coughing, hemoptysis, chest pain and difficulty in breathing. How should tuberculosis be prevented Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease that is widely prevalent and must be dealt with primarily by prevention. Prevention of the spread of tuberculosis must grasp the three links. 1, control the infectious source of tuberculosis is the main source of infectious disease is tuberculosis patients. In particular, sputum tuberculosis bacilli positive patients receive reasonable chemotherapy early, sputum tuberculosis bacilli will be reduced in the short term, so that disappeared, almost 100% can be cured, so early detection of patients, especially bacilli positive, and timely administration of reasonable chemotherapy is the central part of modern anti-TB work. Early detection of patients is achieved by timely chest X-ray and bacteriological examination of the following groups: (1) chronic cough, hemoptysis who have failed antibiotic treatment; (2) contacts around open tuberculosis patients; (3) family members of children with strong positive tuberculin tests; (4) factory and mine workers, especially silicosis patients; (5) regular chest X-ray examinations of the more endemic areas of tuberculosis, which can lead to early (5) Regular chest X-ray examinations in areas where TB is more prevalent can lead to early detection of asymptomatic patients. 2. Cut off the transmission route of tuberculosis bacteria mainly through the respiratory tract. Therefore, it is forbidden to spit anywhere, and the sputum, daily necessities and things around the bacterium-positive patients should be disinfected and handled appropriately. The sputum can be soaked in 5%-10% lysol for 2 hours. Tuberculosis is a widespread chronic infectious disease, treatment must be prevention-oriented. 3. BCG vaccination is a non-pathogenic live vaccine. It is a non-pathogenic live vaccine that can be inoculated into the human body to provide specific immunity against tuberculosis to those who are not infected with tuberculosis, with a protection rate of about 80% that can be maintained for 5-10 years. The target of vaccination is those who are not infected with tuberculosis and have a negative tuberculin test, the younger the better, usually within three months after birth, mainly for newborns and infants, primary and secondary school students and citizens of ethnic minority areas who have recently entered the city, and those who have a negative tuberculin test. The effect of BCG vaccination is positive, especially in children including acute cornual tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis with a significant reduction in incidence, but the immunity produced by BCG vaccination is also relative, and other preventive measures should be emphasized. Self-care of tuberculosis patients 1. Active tuberculosis should be disinfected and isolated in the family to cut off the path of infection. For example, the patient’s dishes should be separated and must be disinfected daily; frequently wipe the tables, chairs and floors; frequently dry the bedding and change clean sheets; open the windows and ventilate daily to keep the indoor air fresh. 2. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If there is sputum to be discharged in time, use methods such as changing position and patting the back to make the sputum discharged smoothly; if the sputum cannot be coughed up, use the drug nebulization inhalation method as prescribed by the doctor to help cough up the sputum. 3.Strengthen nutrition. Tuberculosis is a consumable disease, so usually eat more nutritious food, more vegetables and fruits, and give a high-calorie, high-protein, high-vitamin diet, such as milk, soy milk, eggs, fish, meat, etc.. Do not be pessimistic and disappointed after the disease. To maintain optimism, and be prepared for long-term drug treatment, and actively cooperate with doctors. 4.Consciously develop the bad habit of not spitting anywhere. Do the hygienic habit of covering the mouth with a handkerchief when coughing or sneezing. Patients should put sputum and nasopharyngeal secretions into a sputum tank, soak them in disinfectant solution and then dump them. Drink more water and bathe often to keep the body clean. Walk more after meals and do some appropriate physical exercise to enhance body resistance and prevent secondary infection. 5.Families of TB patients should do a good job of health examination. Such as X-ray, sputum test, BCG vaccination, etc. Patients should pay attention to observe the side effects of drugs during medication. Regular symptomatic checkups and tell the doctor if side reactions are found so that timely treatment can be given. 6. Outpatient treatment and timely follow-up. Patients should take medication regularly and according to time and dose, do not take a chance to interrupt medication according to their own ideas, otherwise the cure may be delayed. Regular visits to the hospital should be made to check liver function and sputum and to take X-rays so that doctors can keep track of the development of the disease. Open tuberculosis can be controlled after 2–3 weeks of regular treatment, and it is safe for family members to continue treatment at home after the condition is stabilized. As long as the treatment is according to the rules of medication given by the doctor, we should insist on early, combined, appropriate, regular and full use of medication, not to interrupt or reduce the amount or medication at will. And strengthen their own health care, tuberculosis will definitely be cured.