Ulcerative colitis is a non-specific inflammatory disease of the rectum and sigmoid colon of unknown origin, with diarrhea, abdominal pain and mucus and blood stools, and urgency as the main symptoms. The disease has a long course, recurrent and difficult to treat. The use of Chinese medicine can achieve better results. It is summarized as follows: staged treatment, correct legislation and rational drug selection. According to the condition of patients with this disease, they are divided into acute stage, extended stage, and remission stage. The treatment of each phase is described below. Acute stage This is the stage with the heaviest symptoms, patients have pus and blood stools several times a day, and in severe cases, more than ten times. At this time, the treatment is based on antidiarrheal and pain relief. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on whether the treatment is correct and comprehensive. The following treatment methods should be used at the same time. 1.Clear heat and detoxification This is the common treatment for the disease. The drugs include: Baitou, Qinpi, Huanglian, Huangbai, Ge Gen, Baihua, Horsetail, etc. 2.Stopping bleeding Commonly used drugs are: Sophora, Phellodendron, Cyperus and so on. 3, acid collection diarrhea, anti-allergic drugs are: Wu Mei, Wu Wei Zi, pomegranate peel. These are good for collecting astringent diarrhea, and have anti-allergic effect. 4.Catharsis of liver wood and spleen earth Patients with this disease often have the image of liver wood multiplying earth, so this method is used. Drugs include: Chai Hu, Yuan Hu, Yu Jin, Gentiana, etc. The medicines used to strengthen the spleen and Qi are: Chen Pi, Hou Pu, Citrus aurantium, Su Ye, Fo Guang, etc. 5.Supplementing qi and blood This method should be used with caution in the acute stage. For those who have obvious signs of spleen qi deficiency, use Huai Shan, Coix Seed, Lotus Seed, Gorgonian and other spleen tonics to stop diarrhea, and add Huang Qi and Atractylodes if the spleen is deficient. The application of the above treatment rules should depend on the condition. The basic formula in the acute stage: 15 grams of Baishu, 15 grams of Qin Pi, 20 grams of Ge Gen, 10 grams of Sophora, 10 grams of Phellodendron, 10 grams of Umei, 10 grams of Wu Wei Zi, 10 grams of Chai Hu, 10 grams of Citrus Aurantium, 10 grams of Yuan Hu, plus or minus 10 grams according to the evidence. Typical case: A male, 41 years old, suffered from ulcerative colitis for five years. He came to our department after being detained by other hospitals. He had pus and blood stools 8 to 10 times a day, abdominal pain, fever, moderate anemia, very poor physical condition, and walking with assistance. Prescription: The above basic formula was supplemented with 10 grams of Thornbush, 10 grams of Pomegranate Bark, 30 grams of Coix Seed and 20 grams of White Flowering Serpent’s Tongue, one dose daily. At the same time, add Huangliansu and oxytetracycline. After 20 days of continuous treatment, the condition improved significantly, with stools 3-4 times a day, still with mucus, occasionally with pus and blood, abdominal pain reduced, physical strength improved, and able to work. From the acute stage to the extended period. Secondly, the patient in this period has 2 to 4 times daily stools with mucus, occasionally pus and blood and abdominal pain. Most people see signs of spleen deficiency. Treatment should reduce the number of flavors and doses of heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs, and continue to use acid-receiving, liver-sparing and hemostatic drugs. Depending on the condition, Qi tonics can be gradually increased. Basic formula: 10 grams of Baitou Wang, 10 grams of Qin Pi, 15 grams of Ge Gen, 15 grams of Wu Mei, 10 grams of Wu Wei Zi, 10 grams of Sophora, 10 grams of Chai Hu, 10 grams of Citrus Aurantium, 30 grams of Huai Shan, 30 grams of Coix Seed, 15 grams of Atractylodes Macrocephalae, 15 grams of Astragalus. Add Radix et Rhizoma Phellodendron if there is much bleeding. If there is no bleeding, remove Sophora and add Dang Pi. For mucus, add Radix et Rhizoma Polygoni, and for anemia, add Fructus Lycii and Radix Shou Wu. Qi deficiency is obvious add Radix Codonopsis and Poria. Still on a case as an example. After the patient turned to migratory extension, the stool condition is sometimes good and sometimes bad, occasionally mucus, pus and blood, 2 to 3 times a day. Although the physical condition has improved, there are still signs of Qi and blood deficiency. Treatment with the basic formula plus Chinese wolfberry and Radix Codonopsis, 1 dose daily for 20 days. There were minor recurrence of the disease in the middle, and the treatment was increased and reduced according to the evidence. After the treatment, the patient’s physical strength improved significantly, and he had 1 to 2 stools daily without pus and blood, and occasionally with a small amount of mucus. The patient’s condition was transferred to the remission period. The patient is basically asymptomatic during this period, or occasionally the number of stools increases due to improper diet, and the physical strength is average. Most patients have given up treatment. The treatment at this time is very important, directly related to whether it can be cured. If treatment is stopped, the disease often relapses in a short period of time, making the previous work lost. The treatment at this time is mainly to tonify the spleen and stomach, accompanied by acid collection, detoxification, draining the liver and regulating qi. Basic formula: Radix Codonopsis pilosulae 15 g, Radix Astragali 15 g, Rhizoma Atractylodes Macrocephalae 15 g, Rhizoma Atractylodes Macrocephalae 30 g, Semen Coix 30 g, Radix Pleurotus Macrocephalae 10 g, Semen Aconiti 10 g, Fructus Schisandrae 10 g, Rhizoma Qinpi 10 g, Radix Bupleurum Chinense 10 g, Rhizoma Yuanhu 10 g, Rhizoma Danpi 10 g. This formula can strengthen the body, improve the gastrointestinal function, enhance the ability to resist disease and evil, and change the allergic constitution. Patients can take the medicine intermittently, starting with one dose in 2 to 3 days for one month. If there is basically no symptom attack after the medicine, one dose can be taken in 3 to 5 days for another 3 months to cure the disease. The case cited earlier was treated according to this method of treatment, and the disease was cured after six months, and no attack was seen during the follow-up period of one and a half years. Ulcerative colitis is a difficult disease to treat. The author believes that there are several reasons for the low cure rate: ① Inappropriate control in the acute phase. The period should be used with Chinese and Western medicine, and strive to control the symptoms in a short period of time. ②The treatment is not comprehensive. It is not enough to eliminate the inflammation with purging and detoxifying drugs alone, but the relationship between the five organs should be taken into account, as well as anti-allergy, cooling the blood and stopping bleeding, strengthening the spleen and regulating qi, etc. (③The treatment is slightly effective and the medication is stopped, leading to relapse in the near future. Only with staged treatment and long-term medication can the disease be cured. ④Only focus on eliminating the symptoms, not trying to change the patient’s pathological constitution such as liver depression, spleen deficiency and allergy, ignoring the overall pathological changes of the patient’s constitution. The medium and long-term efficacy of such treatment is very poor. TCM has advantages in this regard and should focus on holistic treatment in the extended and remission period.