In clinical work, it is common to see patients with a cough after lung surgery, how the cough is intense and how the surgical treatment may be affected. The common causes of coughing after lung surgery are: 1. irritation or injury to the phrenic nerve during surgery; 2. postoperative complications from damage to the lung tissues and organs during surgery. If recurrent coughing occurs after surgery, the cause should be identified first and symptomatic treatment should be given. If the postoperative cough is accompanied by high fever, coughing up yellow pus sputum, chest pain, shortness of breath, etc., the first thing to consider is secondary postoperative infection. Postoperative infection may lead to treatment failure, so antibiotic treatment can be given first according to experience, and sputum culture and drug sensitivity test can be done at the same time, and then anti-inflammatory treatment with sensitive antibiotics can be switched according to drug sensitivity test. For cough, symptomatic cough suppressants such as dextromethorphan and codeine can be given, and phlegm-suppressing drugs such as acetylcysteine can also be used to dilute sputum and help it to be expelled from the body. When cough occurs after surgery in the lung, both causal and symptomatic treatment are equally important. Both causal anti-inflammatory treatment and symptomatic cough and phlegm treatment are needed to complement each other and ensure successful lung surgery.