The incidence of breast cancer in China is increasing year by year, with 200,000 new breast cancer patients each year, with urban areas being higher than rural areas. Breast cancer prevention and treatment should not be delayed! When you find a breast lump by self-consciousness or physical examination, you need to have the following examinations: 1. Ultrasound examination of the breast
Ultrasound examination of breast has gradually become the main means for early diagnosis of breast cancer, with the following advantages: (1) non-invasive, economical and repeatable; (2) advantageous in identifying solid lumps and cystic lumps; (3) accurate localization, which can show the hierarchical structure of the breast; (4) able to detect axillary and supraclavicular lymph nodes; (5) can assist X-ray examination for dense breast screening. 2. Mammography (mammography) is an important and effective means to detect early breast tumor, and it is generally believed that X-ray screening is 2.5-3.5 years earlier than clinical early detection of breast cancer. 3. Puncture histological examination (CBE) is not only qualitative but also immunohistochemical examination, which can provide various biological information of tumor for further treatment. 4. Breast tissue biopsy pathology examination Through surgical excision of the lump, the suspicious lesions found by the examination can be further examined and the diagnosis can be clarified intraoperatively. When you are diagnosed with breast cancer, don’t be pessimistic first, because the prognosis of breast cancer is relatively good, and we have several treatment methods to improve the survival rate and improve your quality of life at the same time: Breast cancer comprehensive treatment principles Surgery is one of the main treatment methods for breast cancer, supplemented by chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, radiation therapy and biological therapy. 1.
Surgery: It has become a trend to reduce the scope of surgery while paying attention to early detection and systemic treatment. The discovery of anterior lymph nodes has made preserving the axilla a routine surgery, and modified radical surgery to preserve the axilla can avoid postoperative lymphedema and preserve the function of the affected limb to the maximum. In the case of improving postoperative appearance and not affecting the survival rate, breast-conserving surgery and nipple-areola-preserving complex surgery have also become mature surgical methods. 2. Radiofrequency ablation therapy: less invasive, no significant change in breast appearance, suitable for palliative treatment of breast cancer patients who refuse surgery and advanced breast cancer patients who cannot be removed surgically. 3. Endocrine therapy: If immunohistochemistry shows positive estrogen or progesterone receptor, oral tamoxifen in premenopausal women in addition to oral alkylase inhibitors such as letrozole in postmenopausal women can effectively prolong the survival. 4.Molecular targeted therapy: In the immunohistochemistry of tumor, if her-2 gene is positive, Herceptin treatment can be given, which can significantly improve the prognosis. 5.Chemotherapy: individualized chemotherapy regimen is established for lymph node metastasis and immunohistochemistry results. 6.Radiotherapy At present, radiotherapy is not used as a routine treatment after radical surgery. For patients with high risk of recurrence, radiotherapy can reduce the rate of local recurrence and metastasis and improve the quality of survival.