At the request of the web editor, the following answers to questions related to patients’ and families’ concerns about tetralogy of Fallot are provided.1 What are the risks of tetralogy of Fallot? Tetralogy of Fallot is one of the most common cyanotic congenital heart diseases, accounting for 50%-90% of cyanotic congenital heart diseases, and 3-6 cases of this disease are found in every 10,000 deliveries. Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart disease consisting of four heart malformations, including: pulmonary valve or right ventricular funnel stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic span and right ventricular hypertrophy, which is a serious risk to the child. Due to the anatomy and pathophysiology of tetralogy of Fallot, these children have varying degrees of generalized cyanosis, which is mainly evident in the lips, fingers, toes, nose, and ears. The difficulty in breathing is more obvious and the cyanosis is aggravated after crying, feeding and activity, which may lead to confusion, convulsions and even death if it lasts for a long time. 80% of older children have the phenomenon of squatting after activity, which can relieve hypoxia and reduce the burden on the heart. Children are prone to pneumonia and heart failure. Due to long-term hypoxia, the growth of children is generally delayed and their intellectual development is slightly behind that of normal children. The only way to correct the anatomical changes and restore normal hemodynamics is through surgery, so that the child can develop and grow normally, work and study normally, and get married and have children. Therefore, early surgery is recommended. Li Xuewen, Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital 2. What kinds of surgery are available for tetralogy of Fallot? There are two types of surgical treatment for tetralogy of Fallot: palliative surgery and corrective surgery. Corrective surgery is commonly known as radical surgery – that is, treating the root cause of tetralogy of Fallot. Of course, two conditions must be met for corrective surgery: first, the left ventricular volume must reach the appropriate size, and second, the pulmonary artery must be well developed, both of which have their own criteria. In patients with tetralogy of Fallot, the left ventricular volume is too small and the pulmonary artery is poorly developed, so they do not have the two indicators for correctional surgery or the infant coronary artery malformation affects the application of the right ventricular outflow tract patch, they should first undergo palliative surgery and then undergo correctional surgery after the left ventricular and pulmonary artery development has improved or a suitable external tube can be applied. 3. The cost of treatment for tetralogy of Fallot can vary depending on the economic region of the medical institution and the age of the patient. The cost of corrective surgery for tetralogy of Fallot at our hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an) is approximately 20,000 to 40,000, decreasing as the age increases.