1.Why do patients with valve replacement need anticoagulation therapy? Because the artificial valve (biological valve or mechanical valve) is not the body’s own tissue, blood is easy to coagulate in and around the artificial valve, causing thrombosis and affecting the function of the artificial valve, and if the thrombus is dislodged, it can also cause thromboembolism (brain embolism, lower limb artery embolism, etc.), which is very harmful to people. Therefore, patients with valve replacements should be treated with anticoagulation to prevent thrombosis. Those who have a biological valve only need anticoagulation for three months, those who have atrial fibrillation need anticoagulation for six months, while those who have a mechanical valve need lifelong anticoagulation. 2.How to anticoagulate The main method of anticoagulation is to take oral anticoagulation tablets. The commonly used anticoagulant is Warfarin, which is usually taken orally after removal of the tracheal intubation after surgery or 48 hours after surgery as prescribed by the doctor. In order to make the drug application accurate, daily morning blood sampling is required to check the prothrombin time and activity during the first week after surgery. Later, the check-ups will be performed 2-3 times a week and gradually extended to once a month or once a month in February. Keep the prothrombin time at 18-24 seconds, the activity at about 30%, and the international standard ratio (INR) at 1.6-2.2. At present, the international standard ratio (INR) method is generally used. 3.How to observe anticoagulant overdose Patients should always pay attention to observe whether there is hematuria, nose bleeding, gum bleeding and whether there are bleeding spots on the skin, etc. Once these phenomena occur, they should report to the doctor immediately. 4.What to pay attention to when taking other drugs after valve replacement Patients may take some other drugs after valve replacement, and should pay attention to whether the drugs you take have an effect on anticoagulants. For example, aspirin, pentoxifylline, anti-inflammatory pain, etc. will increase the anticoagulant effect of anticoagulant drugs, and care should be taken to prevent bleeding when taking these drugs. And vitamin K, other hemostatic drugs and some sleeping pills will weaken the anticoagulant effect of anticoagulant drugs, and care should be taken to prevent clotting when taking these drugs. Other medications should be applied under the guidance of a doctor.