Chronic hepatitis B and C are very common diseases, and some patients can progress to cirrhotic decompensation and portal hypertension. The main manifestations of portal hypertension are upper gastrointestinal bleeding, ascites, and spleen; along with the manifestations of chronic liver disease. For patients with a significant number of groups with portal hypertension, there are options for medical treatment, endoscopic treatment, interventional and surgical treatment, and even liver transplantation can be considered. In the last 10 years or so, the effectiveness of antiviral treatment for viral hepatitis has improved dramatically, and the diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver disease has gradually changed from allowing its development or treating the symptoms to controlling or even reversing the disease; on this premise, the diagnosis and treatment options and efficacy of the serious consequences of viral hepatitis, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension, have also changed accordingly, and the long-term outcome can be significantly improved. Therefore, the treatment of cirrhotic portal hypertension needs to be re-examined by both professionals and patients. In addition, the diverse etiology and clinical manifestations of portal hypertension require an individualized approach to treatment.