Cervical spondylolisthesis is a physiological degeneration or aging in middle and old age. It is almost unavoidable. It only becomes cervical spondylosis in severe cases.
Long-term chronic injury to the cervical spine can lead to cervical spine osteophytes, herniated discs, ligamentous hypertrophy, small arthritis, etc., producing uncomfortable symptoms that become cervical spondylosis.
1, cervical spondylosis can lead to the following six types of clinical conditions.
(1) Nerve root type: The hyperplastic bone compresses the cervical nerve root.
(1) Root symptoms: pain and numbness in the neck, shoulder and arm and radiating pain in the wrist and fingers.
②Motor impairment of neck movement.
(3) Positive pressure pain in the spinous process of the affected vertebra, intervertebral foramen compression test and brachial plexus nerve pull test.
(2) Vertebral artery type: spasm and insufficient blood supply in the vertebral basilar artery caused by compression or stimulation of the vertebral artery by the hyperplastic bone.
(1) Vertigo, migraine, visual impairment, dysphonia, tinnitus, deafness and sudden collapse due to change in head and neck position, vertigo, nausea and vomiting. Or sudden numbness of limbs, abnormal sensation, weakness in holding objects or sudden fall, etc.
②The patient’s neck movement is often restricted at the onset, and the rotational neck evocation test is positive.
(3) Spinal cord type: compression of the spinal cord by hyperplastic bone and herniated discs.
(1) Numbness, swelling, burning and pain in the extremities, “cotton feeling” when walking, unstable body weight, easy to fall. Numbness of one or both upper limbs, weakness of the hands, or easy loss of objects.
(2) Increased muscle tone, decreased muscle strength, hyperactive tendon reflexes, decreased knee reflexes, and pathological reflexes in the limbs. It may lead to paralysis.
(4) Esophageal type: The overgrown bone at the anterior edge of the cervical spine compresses the posterior wall of the esophagus. There is discomfort in the throat, foreign body sensation, and difficulty in swallowing.
(5) Sympathetic nerve type: The hyperplastic bone compresses the sympathetic nerve of the cervical spine.
(①The eye fissure is large on one side and small on the other, the pupil is unequal in size, or the vision is blurred, the eyelid is weak, the eye sockets are swollen and painful, and tears flow.
②Half of the face is dry, little sweating, etc.
③Tachycardia or bradycardia, precordial pain and high blood pressure.
④Cold extremities, pins and needles sensation, redness and swelling or increased pain.
(5) The head, face and neck may also be numb or painful, tinnitus, deafness and numbness of the tongue, etc.
(6) Brain symptom type: spinal canal stenosis caused by osteophytes, resulting in long-term compression of the spinal nerve and cerebral artery in the canal, resulting in obstruction of nerve conduction and blood flow, causing long-term lack of blood supply to the brain, malnutrition, gradual atrophy, necrosis and brain function damage performance.
2.Prevention
(1) rest, physical therapy, traction, massage, closure, external plaster.
(2) Internal medicine or intravenous drug drip, swelling, pain relief, antispasmodic, improve microcirculation, neurotrophic drugs and other treatment.
(3) Nerve closure treatment.
(4) Nerve compression is obvious and severe symptoms require surgery. Prompt surgical treatment is recommended for spinal cord compression.
(5) Prevention first, maintain correct posture, prevent trauma and neck overwork, and seek medical attention for neck and back discomfort in a timely manner.