The laws of hypertension and explanation of this article is not high medical reasoning, if you can read it, you will also know what is hypertension. Everyone has to have high blood pressure, no one can escape. Why say so, read this article to know.
One, hypertension can not be cured.
There are two reasons for the formation of hypertension, one is the vascular material, and the other is the ability of the nerves to control and regulate the blood vessels.
The factors of hypertension formation are exemplified in many textbooks. In fact, there are two. The elasticity of the blood vessel itself (material) and the degree of contraction of the smooth muscle of the blood vessel controlled by the sympathetic nerves of the brain.
The diameter of the arterial vessels is variable even without passive dilation under cardiac shock. Sympathetic excitation increases the tone of vascular smooth muscle, increases contractility, and shrinks the vascular diameter to a small size. With sympathetic inhibition, the canal diameter can be relatively large in the smooth muscle contracted state. When sympathetic excitation is present, the caliber of the vessel is also passively dilated to a smaller size in the state of cardiac ejection shock than when sympathetic inhibition is present.
Sympathetic nerves control the state of contraction of the caliber of blood vessels. This can also be interpreted as a protection of the vessels during increased cardiac activity (excessive shocks, which may lead to rupture of the vessels, require that the walls of the vessels maintain a certain level of tension of contraction). However, a continuous increase in tension, under repeated shocks from the ejection pressure of the heart, is a damage to the vessel wall.
The damage to the vessel wall is caused by mechanical damage to the nerve-controlled smooth muscle in a state of continuous contraction against the impact of the incessant and repeated ejection of blood from the heart. Fatigue damage occurs when the smooth muscle layer of the continuously contracting vessel wall is passively and repeatedly stretched and then automatically retracted under ejection pressure. Scar repair after smooth muscle damage further reduces the elasticity of the vessel wall (the scar is not easily stretched and shortened). The stiffness and brittleness of the vessel increases. This is an irreversible process and the progressive hardening of the vessel wall is irreversible. This is the fundamental reason why hypertension is incurable.
Second, the blood pressure measured by the sphygmomanometer is all arterial diastolic pressure.
Usually we measure blood pressure, we will get two values, one is called systolic pressure, one is called diastolic pressure.
The heart ejects blood to the arteries by contracting the ventricles, and all the arteries expand passively under the pressure of the heart ejecting blood, and the pressure when they expand to the point where they can no longer expand is the arterial “blood pressure”.
Therefore, all arterial blood pressure is the diastolic pressure of the arteries.
The systolic pressure of the artery is the result of the dilation and retraction of the artery and cannot be measured outside the blood vessel.
The two values obtained by measuring blood pressure outside the body are both diastolic pressures. The first value (first sound) is the sound of the artery dilating to its maximum when the extravascular tissue is squeezed by the balloon to allow blood flow through it. The second value (variable sound) is the sound when the artery is dilated to its maximum when the extravascular tissue is no longer squeezed by the air sac. The reason why the sound is different is that the soft tissues outside the blood vessel are different in their degree of denseness when they are squeezed by the balloon and when they are not squeezed, and the speed and intensity of sound transmission is different. The tighter the compression, the stronger the sound transmission, the faster the transmission speed, the louder it sounds. Conversely, the looser the compression, the weaker the sound conduction, the slower the conduction speed, and the lower the sound.
In fact, you can often hear a third, lower sound, which is the arterial dilatation sound when the soft tissue outside the blood vessel is not pressed at all, indicating that the artery has hardened.
Third, the transmission of blood pressure within the blood vessels is a pressure transmission.
The blood ejected from the heart flows through the blood vessels and is driven in two ways. One is the pressure generated by the heart’s ejection, and the other is the squeezing pressure from the retraction of the vessel wall. The arterial blood pressure that we measure is the pressure that causes the arteries to dilate when the heart ejects blood.
This pressure is transmitted to the microarterial network in the form of pressure at once. As the arterial branches become progressively thinner in diameter, the pressure decreases until the end of the artery in the small vessels of the microcirculation. The pressure generated by each contraction of the heart is transmitted to this at once, and it is here that we feel a pulsation consistent with a heartbeat. The heart merely squeezes the blood within the ventricles into the arteries by contracting, and it doesn’t care how far it can flow.
The squeezing force of the retracted walls is what really drives the flow of blood. The artery is squeezed by the ejection of blood from the heart and is passively dilated at the same time by pressure transfer, regardless of thickness. Then there is active retraction, as the aortic valve is closed at this point, resulting in blood having a way to go, no circuit, and being squeezed toward the low-pressure end. The blood cannot flow from the heart to the microvessels at once in the vessels, but moves gradually to the microvessels in a queuing sequence under the pressure of the retraction of the vessel walls.
Fourth, normal blood pressure is the blood pressure when it feels comfortable without drug intervention.
The normal blood pressure range established by the World Health Organization is useless for each specific person. That value is the blood pressure of a human population only. For each specific individual, each person has his or her own normal blood pressure, which can be the same as others or different from others. Different ages also have their own normal blood pressure for the appropriate age.
Any person’s blood pressure measured without dizziness or discomfort and without taking any medication is that person’s normal blood pressure.
The blood pressure measured when there is dizziness or lightheadedness is abnormal, whether or not it is in the normal range. Except for shock, it is usually hypertension.
Fifth, the higher the blood pressure, the less blood supply to the tissue.
The flow of blood in the arterial vessels was described earlier. The heart ejects a consistent amount of blood each time, and at best its ejected blood only reaches the aortic arch. Only the retractive elasticity of the moving arteries can gradually send the blood to the end of the arteries. The more elastic the arterial dilatation, the greater the distance and quantity of blood delivered (faster blood flow), and the less elastic, the less distance and quantity of blood delivered (slower blood flow). In the case of vascular sclerosis, the peripheral arterial vessels barely dilate and contract, and blood flows much more slowly than normal. So the tissue gets less blood.
This is the opposite of plumbing pressure. The higher the pressure, the more water is delivered, with the same pipe diameter. This high pressure is obtained by changing the power of the delivery pump. The power of the heart is certain and cannot be changed at will. When peripheral resistance (reduced vasodilation) increases, the ejection pressure of the heart becomes relatively smaller.
So high blood pressure and reduced blood supply to the tissues is done by the tube wall becoming less elastic and the blood flow progression slowing down. If the blood flow is stagnant, it is dead. In most cases, it is the localized stagnation of blood flow in the area that uses the most blood (the brain), so it is mostly seen in cerebral thrombosis.
Do not hope to increase blood flow by diluting the blood, although it can succeed for a while. Time will make the blood vessels become brittle, rupture and bleed, forming cerebral hemorrhage.
Sixth, the treatment of hypertension is only the neurohumoral regulation ability to change.
As mentioned before, two reasons for the formation of hypertension, one is the hardening of blood vessels, and this condition is impossible to recover. The other cause is the degree of control of the blood vessels by the vegetative nerves.
The doctor’s treatment method is to adjust the strength of the nerve’s ability to control the blood vessels by medication to change the degree of arterial vasodilation and maintain a comfortable feeling of normal blood pressure.
Regardless of which antihypertensive drugs, beta-blockers, calcium channel antagonists (CCB), angiotensin inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin diagonal blockers (ARB), are used to maintain a normal and comfortable blood pressure by controlling the tension of the blood vessel wall through the vegetative nerves. As the underlying vascular stiffness increases, this approach becomes less and less effective until it is ineffective.
There is another drug – diuretics – that are hoped to maintain normal blood pressure by reducing the amount of circulating blood and reducing the amount of ejection from the heart. This one adds fuel to the fire. We know that the circulatory system has its own function of balancing the amount of fluid. Excess water in the blood vessels is removed from the kidneys. Therefore the amount of fluid in the blood vessels does not increase during hypertension. The decrease in tissue nutrients is the result of slowed blood flow. If the effective amount of circulating blood is reduced, it will inevitably cause even less flow in the microcirculation, which directly leads to paralysis of the renal microcirculation and the evil effect of water leaking into the peripheral tissues (renal failure).
Therefore, the current drug treatment of hypertension is only a method of last resort.
Seven, adequate sleep is the basis for maintaining normal blood pressure.
This is also a way to regulate the degree of sympathetic control of blood vessels. When people sleep, the brain activity is relatively stopped and the stimulation of sympathetic excitation is reduced. The tension of vascular smooth muscle is reduced. It is relatively possible to increase the degree of vasodilation. This ensures the amount of blood supplied by the peripheral circulation. During sleep, the body’s metabolism slows down and nutrient supply is relatively increased, which is beneficial to the repair metabolism of tissues.
Therefore, ensuring adequate sleep is not a treatment for the basis of hypertension. Anyone, regardless of age, needs to get eight to ten hours of sleep every day. If you don’t get enough sleep at night, you should make up for it during the day. This is beneficial for the treatment of those who have hypertension and for the prevention of those who do not have hypertension.
In fact, with enough sleep, the symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the brain can temporarily disappear. So adequate sleep is the best way to treat hypertension and prevent its premature appearance.
Eight, hypertension is not hereditary, but only related to family education.
The relationship between hypertension and the family is not a genetic relationship, but a relationship between family thinking and education. The way adults think about problems will be passed on to the next generation implicitly. Therefore, families that think a lot, sleep poorly, have a greater chance of developing hypertension, and it appears at an earlier age.
In the case of physical genetic inheritance, the age of the disease should be the same or similar in families with hypertension. For example, girls have the same female genes and all menstruate between eight and sixteen years of age (most commonly menstruation occurs between twelve and fourteen years of age). In fact, the age of hypertension in the same family can vary from teens to tens of years, and the later the maturity of the mind, the less thinking, and the better the sleep, the later the age of hypertension. This is entirely the result of environmental influences.
What’s more, hypertension is common to all, so it has nothing to do with family constitution.
Nine, hypertension has nothing to do with the amount of sodium intake in a normal diet.
It was the Japanese who first introduced the idea that people who eat a lot of salt are prone to hypertension. Back then, the Japanese found that more people working in coastal areas suffered from hypertension, and also found that the salt intake of people in coastal areas was higher than that of people in non-coastal areas. Therefore, they came to the wrong conclusion that a high-sodium-salt diet predisposes to hypertension.
The salty taste of the diet in coastal areas is a result of the salt in the air raising the threshold of the taste buds for salty taste. Thus leading to salty food taste. We know that our body has its own balance system, sodium salt intake to a certain amount, water intake increases accordingly, and excess sodium salt is excreted with urine. The concentration of sodium in the blood does not increase with the increase in intake. Blood volume and cardiac output do not increase as a result, so there is no relationship between the amount of sodium intake and hypertension.
What is associated with hypertension in coastal areas is that coastal work is high-risk work, and the mental tension of people is high, and the mental level of their families is also high (this is similar to coal mining). It is not uncommon for people to suffer from hypertension when they are constantly under stressful and frightening conditions.
Going back to the original point, the conclusion is that everyone has to have hypertension, the difference being only the age at which they develop it. Although everyone has to have hypertension, not everyone has to die from hypertension. So the fact that everyone has to have hypertension is ignored, and the conclusion that only some people seem to get hypertension is wrong.