In many people’s perception, the risk of anesthesia mainly comes from the anesthetic drugs and the anesthesiologist’s operation. However, the opposite is true. In the actual surgical anesthesia process, these two factors do not cause much anesthesia risk, and the biggest anesthesia risk often comes from the patient’s preoperative physical condition. One of the so-called physical conditions is the patient’s own constitution. If a patient is atopic, then such a patient may have a specific reaction to a certain anesthetic drug, which cannot be predicted early and effectively by existing medical means. For example, a very small number of people have an abnormal structure of a particular molecule in their muscles due to genetic reasons, which can lead to malignant hyperthermia and death with a body temperature over 42°C when induced and promoted by certain anesthetic drugs. The second is the patient’s preoperative physical condition. The degree of the preoperative patient’s condition, especially the entrapment of heart, brain, lung, liver and kidney diseases, will increase the difficulty of anesthesia treatment, and the risk of anesthesia is closely related to this. For example, if the patient has heart disease before surgery, the heart function is already bad, and the anesthesia drug will have an inhibitory effect on the human heart, it is the same as adding ‘snow on top of snow’ to the patient’s heart, and the patient will easily have heart failure, cardiac arrest and other dangerous phenomena during surgery. Therefore, anesthesiologists attach great importance to the preoperative blood pressure, blood glucose, heart function, lung function and other indicators of patients, especially elective surgery patients, and must make sure that these indicators are in line with the requirements of surgery and anesthesia before surgery, in order to reduce the risk of anesthesia.