How to prevent breast cancer recurrence and metastasis

  The recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer is now a top priority for many patients and their families. Like other tumors and cancers, it is a time bomb in many people’s mind, and if it is not well protected, it seems like it can explode at any time. Faced with the recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer, some people often have self-blame and self-hatred, and some people blindly or even over-treated. In fact, breast cancer is not that scary. In the face of breast cancer recurrence and metastasis, I have an eight-word “prescription” which is “positive, optimistic, cooperative and harmonious”. We believe we can overcome the disease. The specific survival strategies to prevent breast cancer recurrence and metastasis are as follows: 1. Manage the whole process For hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer, it has become a chronic disease; for hormone receptor negative metastatic breast cancer, it has been treated as a chronic disease from theory to practice; the essence of treating chronic disease is to improve symptoms and prolong survival.  2. Rational treatment and regular review Active treatment in the critical period of 1 to 3 years after surgery can effectively reduce the risk of recurrence. For patients, after breast cancer surgery, receiving systematic treatment and monitoring in regular hospitals is the key to prevent recurrence. Especially in the first 5 years after primary breast cancer surgery, as long as conditions allow, one should adhere to the complete set of treatment in the oncology department of a regular hospital, and then follow the medical advice for regular review. Within six months after surgery, patients should go to the hospital once a month for review, and then once every three months. Meanwhile, patients can also conduct self-examination and frequently touch the affected chest wall, contralateral breast, bilateral armpits and supraclavicular fossa and other parts. The possibility of recurrence is less after two years, when it can be reviewed every six months or a year to prevent distant metastasis. In order to prevent recurrence, sometimes doctors also prescribe some anti-cancer drugs, which patients should take on time, and should also be reviewed regularly. In addition to the prevention of tumor recurrence, it is also necessary to check whether these drugs have side effects on the body and adjust the type and dose of drugs in time.  If the patient is very weak after surgery and the toxic side effects after radiotherapy and chemotherapy are serious, he should mainly stay in bed and not get up in a hurry. If the patient’s general condition after surgery is still good, but after radiotherapy or chemotherapy there is bone marrow suppression, i.e., blood cells are significantly reduced, go out as little as possible, avoid contact with patients with colds, reduce the chance of various infections, such as a significant drop in platelets, and avoid trauma, avoid various bleeding tendencies; if the patient has anorexia, nausea, vomiting and other gastrointestinal reactions after radiotherapy or chemotherapy, arrange to eat less and more meals, give light If the patient suffers from gastrointestinal reactions such as anorexia, nausea and vomiting after radiotherapy or chemotherapy, he should arrange to eat less and more meals, give light food, chew slowly when swallowing, do not lie down after meals, but semi-sitting position, and should not move immediately.  4.Pay attention to functional exercise Because of the large scope of breast cancer surgery, the local skin, subcutaneous fat, blood, nerves, lymphatic vessels and muscles will be damaged in different procedures, which will affect the activities of the affected upper limbs and even cause thoracic deformity. To prevent this, the most important thing is to carry out functional exercises in time. There are many methods of functional exercises and they are relatively easy. Generally, about a week after surgery should begin to move the upper limb, first make the affected side of the arm gradually up, at the beginning due to pain resulting in very little activity, but do not rush, to insist on daily practice. When the affected arm can reach the ear on the same side, you can practice combing your hair with the affected arm, starting with the affected side and gradually combing to the opposite side until you can reach the ear on the opposite side. In addition, you can also gradually touch the back of the affected arm upward until you can touch the opposite scapula. You can also do some chest expansion exercises so that the affected side of the thoracic corridor and shoulder joint can be properly exercised. As the lymph nodes on the affected side are cleared during surgery, many capillary lymphatic vessels and blood vessels are damaged, which may affect the return of blood and lymphatic fluid to the upper extremity, causing the upper extremity on the affected side to swell and affect activities. To prevent this, in addition to elevating the arm, the upper limb should be moved appropriately so that the muscles can contract to promote the return of blood and lymphatic fluid. If there is swelling of the upper limbs, you should try to avoid injections or venipuncture infusions, etc. in the affected limbs. In short, as long as the exercise is timely and persistent, the function of the affected arm can be completely restored to normal.  5. Stay away from cancer-causing factors Breast cancer patients should stay away from various factors that promote the recurrence of breast cancer after surgery: do not smoke, do not drink alcohol, eat less high-fat, smoked and barbecued foods, avoid using cosmetic products with high estrogen content, and avoid contact with radioactive and electromagnetic radiation as much as possible.  Finally, prevention of breast cancer recurrence and metastasis also requires the establishment of a scientific lifestyle: adjust the rhythm of life, avoid and reduce mental and psychological tension factors, and maintain optimism and a good state of mind. Actively participate in physical exercise and develop scientific eating habits, etc.