Pain has now been included as the 5th vital sign after temperature, respiration, pulse and blood pressure. Its significance lies in the fact that human beings have realized the important role of “pain” in human life and have given “pain” due attention. Modern medicine originated in the 18th century. Since the introduction of surgery as a treatment for disease, pain has been a constant companion. Both doctors and patients used to think that post-surgical pain was natural and unavoidable. Doctors have been concerned about the impact of post-surgical pain on patients since the last century, and post-surgical pain management has shown outstanding progress since about 1995. More and more clinicians and researchers have taken an interest in this topic, and techniques and methods have been refined. Modern medicine has recognized that intolerable pain after surgery can trigger a strong stress response in the body, making the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the immune system and so on, which is very detrimental to the recovery from surgery, or even fatal; also, people’s pursuit of the quality of life, the increasing demand for postoperative comfort, which makes the traditional concepts of post-surgical pain treatment and the traditional pain treatment methods no longer adaptable to the needs of the patients. Traditional pain treatment methods can no longer adapt to the needs of the times, the modern concept of pain treatment should be the use of a variety of technologies, drugs, methods to achieve high-quality, that is, safe, effective, non-toxic side effects of analgesia purpose. In fact, the adverse effects of postoperative pain on the organism are much greater than our perception of it, and postoperative pain will trigger different degrees of stress responses in multiple organs and systems. For example: pain restricts the patient’s early activities; causes insomnia, anxiety, and helplessness; delays the time of functional exercise; increases the risk of bedsores and venous thrombosis; pain weakens the respiratory system, making the patient not dare to cough, and can’t cough up sputum effectively, which may cause lung infections; pain may aggravate the condition of the original heart disease or even myocardial infarction or heart failure; delays the recovery of gastrointestinal peristalsis ; lead to immune dysfunction; lead to cognitive dysfunction; if complications occur, it may be necessary to prolong the monitoring time, increase special treatment equipment, and increase medical costs. For all these reasons, the prevention and treatment of post-surgical pain is not only to make patients more comfortable after surgery, but also, and more importantly, to enable them to recover faster and better, especially for patients who already have certain organ and system pathologies, elderly patients, etc., so that they can get through the post-surgical dangers and be discharged from the hospital without any problems.