Scalp hematomas are mostly due to blunt force trauma and can be classified as subcutaneous, subcapsular and subperiosteal hematomas according to the specific level at which the hematoma appears in the scalp. Scalp hematomas in newborns and infants are very common and relatively simple to diagnose, but there are different opinions on the treatment. The symptoms of scalp hematoma are generally small in size, and sometimes the center of the hematoma is depressed because of the swelling and elevation of the tissue around the hematoma, so parents can easily mistake it for a depressed skull fracture, which needs to be differentiated by cranial x-ray, and the subcapsular hematoma can spread to the whole head because of the laxity of the layer of tissue, which can lead to shock or anemia in children and weak people. It is seen after skull damage, such as birth injury. Treatment of scalp hematoma Most scalp hematomas are self-absorbing. In general, subcutaneous hematomas <5 cm in diameter have a higher chance of being located under the scalp, and are generally treated conservatively or with hematoma puncture therapy. For hematomas >8 cm in diameter and the mass is located on one side of the head, attention should be paid to its development. If the size of the scalp hematoma does not change significantly after 3 weeks of life, especially if the circumference of the hematoma gradually hardens, great attention should be paid and early surgical treatment should be performed. Most scalp hematomas absorb on their own within 1 to 3 weeks, and the chance of self-absorption becomes less and less after 1 month. For scalp hematoma, if there is no absorption and ossification is not obvious after 3 weeks of observation, puncture can be considered after strict sterilization, but after 4 weeks, when the subperiosteal hematoma gradually starts to ossify, surgery is generally considered. Some people believe that scalp hematoma has the possibility of resorption and neonates are not advocated for treatment. In fact, after 3 weeks, the subperiosteal hematoma starts to ossify gradually in newborns, and if left untreated, it will seriously affect the appearance as well as the normal development of the skull, which is difficult for the family to accept. Consider that during the conservative process, the normal cranial bone gradually thins and resorbs due to the loss of periosteal nutrition, while subperiosteal osteogenesis replaces the normal cranial bone. Subperiosteal osteogenesis of scalp hematoma has a good outcome if surgically removed early. Therefore, children with scalp hematoma should pay attention to the changes of scalp hematoma, and if there is still no obvious absorption and hardening of the mass after 3 weeks, surgery is recommended for definite efficacy. 1. Local cold compresses can be applied within 48 hours after the initial stage of hematoma to prevent the hematoma from increasing in size. 2. For large hematoma, X-ray examination should be performed to understand whether there is skull injury, and blood should be drawn to check coagulation function, and corresponding treatment should be given in time if there is any abnormality. 3.Let the scalp hematoma absorb naturally, do not rub the hematoma, do not draw blood from the hematoma to prevent infection, such as the formation of abscess when infection should be promptly incised and drained. 4.Minimize the movement of the child with hematoma, keep quiet and lie on the healthy side. 5.Eat less and eat more, not too much, and try to avoid crying of the child. 6.Appropriate hemostatic drugs such as vitamin K can be used.