H. pylori is a special bacteria highly associated with gastric ulcers, gastritis and duodenal ulcers, once infected it can cause inflammatory destruction of the stomach and duodenum, this bacteria is more difficult to remove. The H. pylori antibody is an immunoglobulin produced by the body after exposure to this bacterium, and it takes some time to produce. The clinical significance of both a positive H. pylori antibody and a direct detection of H. pylori from the stomach are not exactly the same. A positive H. pylori antibody indicates that one is being infected with H. pylori or has been infected with the disease. A positive antibody alone does not mean that the body must now be infected with H. pylori, as the antibodies in the blood will remain elevated for a considerable period of time even after the bacteria have been eradicated from the body. Therefore, people who are found to have positive antibodies are advised to have other tests such as a breath test to confirm the presence of H. pylori infection. Currently, H. pylori testing is divided into invasive tests and non-invasive tests. Invasive tests refer to gastroscopy and local histopathological examination; non-invasive tests are mainly carbon breath tests. After the diagnosis is established, anti-H. pylori treatment is promptly administered with medication and dietary modifications. It is recommended to practice meal sharing, especially for family members to pay attention to proper isolation. Since H. pylori is contagious, both the elderly and children are at risk of infection. H. pylori infection has a certain degree of recurrence, so it is important to do regular review.