When we were young, we used to sing a song many times: Let’s swing both oars, the small boat pushes away the waves …… The tumor prevention and control system is like a drifting boat, similar to the “chiral mechanism”, i.e., the left hand for prevention and the right hand for medical treatment, just like the two oars of the boat, which should not be deviated from. Like the two oars of a rowing boat, they should not be neglected, or else the boat will lose its forward momentum and direction, and fall into a state of wandering, so much so that it will capsize. The purpose of health care is to benefit all mankind, to achieve the ultimate goal of “live long, die fast, patients do not suffer, families less tired, benefit society as a whole”, the latest statistics for the year 2011: the average life expectancy in China is 73 years old, the United States is 80 years old, Japan is 83 years old, and China needs to catch up with the United States to require 50 years of social development, and also assume that the U.S. socio-economic treadmill. The U.S. socio-economic treadmill. 2010 August 18-21, organized by the International Union Against Cancer, the 21st World Anti-Cancer Conference was held in China for the first time, with 3,000 delegates from 94 countries and regions around the world attending the conference. Minister of Health Chen Zhu said in his speech at the Congress that cancer has become the first cause of death for both urban and rural residents in China. The incidence of cancer in China is on a rapid rise, with about 2.6 million cancer cases and 1.8 million deaths each year. At present, China’s cancer spectrum has been characterized by the prevalence of cancer in both developing and developed countries, with lung, liver, stomach, esophagus and colorectal cancers being the five most common cancer killers. The mortality rate of cancer patients in rural areas is significantly higher than that in urban areas, and the high incidence of cancer is concentrated in western and rural areas. Xinjiang is a large western province, carrying the heavy responsibility of the motherland’s border defense, multi-ethnic unity, social stability and the safety of people’s lives and properties. It is urgent to mobilize the whole society to improve the level of tumor prevention and treatment in Xinjiang, and tumor prevention is by far the cheapest, easy to cover and highly efficient prevention and treatment measure. By 2020, 85% of deaths in mainland China will be attributed to chronic diseases such as malignant tumors and other long-term consumption, of which about 70% of malignant tumors, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, overweight and obesity, and dyslipidemia will occur in the labor force population. This is the president of the Chinese Preventive Medical Association, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Professor Wang Longde on China’s future health of the workforce in general prediction. He pointed out that the overall level of health literacy of the population is only 6.48%, nearly 70% do not have a scientific view of health, more than 80% lack of infectious disease prevention, safety and first aid knowledge, about 90% do not have basic medical literacy, more than 95% do not understand the prevention of chronic diseases. There are enough facts reported to show that chronic diseases such as malignant tumors may contribute to their neglect if there are persistent misconceptions about them. It is important that the national public hospitals, health care associations and other authoritative bodies pass on to the public those up-to-date and accurate knowledge and information about the diseases. And we are not doing nearly enough in this regard. Currently, academic organizations are dedicated to the continuing education of medical personnel by organizing conferences, etc., while neglecting health education for the public. Taking hypertension as an example, Prof. Yang Gonghuan, Deputy Director of the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), pointed out last year that at present, among the nearly 200 million hypertensive patients in China, two-thirds of them do not know that they are suffering from hypertension, do not know that they are in the high-risk situation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, do not know that they take the initiative to control the risk factors of high blood pressure such as overweight and obesity, high salt diet, excessive alcohol consumption, etc., and they do not know that they should receive standardized treatments. A previous professional survey also showed that more than 90% of adult diabetic patients aged 35 to 74 did not know they were sick. People with a family history of tumors are unable to undergo regular medical checkups and acquire relevant preventive knowledge, making it difficult to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. “Early detection and early treatment” of the health concept has long been deeply rooted in people’s hearts, but some U.S. medical experts have found that some medical examinations and treatments are actually not necessary, and some even do more harm than good. At the same time, excessive tests and treatments result in a waste of medical resources, and the public health care system wastes a lot of money each year on medical procedures that do not bring benefits or may cause harm. Unimportant “abnormalities” Many people consider the serum “prostate-specific antigen” test, which 20 million men undergo each year in the United States, as an important screening measure for prostate cancer. But Stephen Smith, a retired professor emeritus at Brown University School of Medicine, tells family doctors that they don’t have to pay for the test. Smith, a retired professor emeritus at Brown University School of Medicine, told his family doctor not to schedule the test or an electrocardiogram for heart disease. Smith says there is no evidence that either test saves lives; rather, they often detect “abnormalities” that don’t matter, forcing people to undergo more tests or even treatment. Rita Redberg, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, and editor of the prestigious medical journal Archives of Internal Medicine, has just completed her 50th year. Redberg has just celebrated her 50th birthday, and while doctors usually recommend that women of this age receive regular breast cancer screenings, Redberg is not prepared to take this advice. Because such tests detect too many false tumors, which usually shrink on their own. In ancient China, Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching is said to have said: nothing is something, static is movement, and to do nothing is to rule. Redberg says, “In many cases, it is actually better for your health not to test, not to image, not to treat.” She paraphrased the architectural design concept of “less is more,” which advocates simplicity and opposes over-decoration, to make her point. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute cardiologist Michael Some medical interventions target conditions that could have been cured on their own or would not have jeopardized health, says Lauer. Some people feel their health improves when they are tested and treated for an abnormality that may not be the root cause of the problem and may not necessarily jeopardize their long-term health. Magnetic resonance imaging is often used to check for unspecified pain in the lower back, and once an abnormality is detected, surgery to remove it would seem to be the best way to go. But the American College of Physicians says the “abnormalities” that show up on MRIs are often unrelated to back pain, that any surgery carries potential risks, and that back surgery is no better than rest and moderate exercise for reducing general pain. Notting, a professor of medicine at the University of North Carolina, says Hadler says, “There is a persistent misconception among doctors that once they find something ‘abnormal’ that feels different from ‘normal,’ they think it must be the cause.” Optional Tests Questioning the effectiveness of some tests and treatments does not negate the need for necessary tests and treatments. For example, X-rays help in the early diagnosis of breast cancer and are especially important for women with a family history of the disease. In cancer patients who report back pain, magnetic resonance imaging is invaluable in detecting cancer cells that have metastasized to the bones, allowing doctors to intervene early. coronary heart disease deaths fell by 50 percent between 1980 and 2004, thanks to better medications and therapies to lower cholesterol and blood pressure. Colonoscopies save 7,300 lives a year. But research shows that a significant number of tests and treatments serve only as psychological comfort and even have side effects on health. University of Texas Medical School geriatrician James? Goodwin mentioned a case where an improper examination led to serious consequences. An 84-year-old female patient underwent a colonoscopy on the recommendation of her gastroenterologist, only a few years after her last examination, which was normal. As a result, the patient died of a colon perforation during the procedure. Goodwin said that while this outcome is uncommon, this type of test recommendation is fairly common. Some of the patients he sees receive reminders from their gastroenterologists to undergo another colonoscopy seven, five or even two years after their last test results were normal. In fact, it is not appropriate or necessary for people over the age of 75 or within 10 years of a normal last test result to undergo another colonoscopy. Goodwin further investigation found that the U.S. federal government “health care” program patients, 46% in the last colonoscopy results of normal less than 7 years after the re-examination, many of whom are more than 80 years old. “Medicare is one of two major programs in the U.S. public health care system, primarily for the elderly and disabled. The other is Medicaid, a joint federal and state program for low-income people. Tests and treatments that do more harm than good for one group of patients may be useless or harmful to others. At least five large studies have shown that invasive treatments such as vascular cleanup, stenting, and cardiac bypass surgery are no more effective than non-invasive treatments such as medications, exercise, and a healthy diet in improving survival or quality of life in patients with mild heart disease. Hopkins University School of Medicine cardiologist John? McEvoy and colleagues found that 1,000 patients with low-risk heart disease who underwent cardiac tomography had no lower morbidity or mortality than those who did not undergo such screening. That’s because patients who underwent the test took more medications and underwent more invasive treatments, such as stent placement. These treatments commonly have side effects that can cause complications and even death. The tomosynthesis scans themselves expose patients to high doses of radiation, which carries a risk of cancer. McEvoy concluded that high-risk heart patients might benefit from tomographic angiography, but “low-risk patients don’t get the benefit.” Some doctors mistakenly assume that if a certain therapy can cure a severely ill patient, it’s even less of a problem to treat a mildly ill patient. For example, some antidepressants have been shown to work well in randomized comparative clinical trials for patients with major depression, and physicians prescribe them to many moderate and mild patients. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been shown to be effective in treating gastric reflux, some uncommon esophageal diseases, and some ulcers, yet at least half, and perhaps as many as 70%, of the 113 million PPI prescriptions written in the United States each year are not for the right conditions, such as general gastric problems. The drug stavudine is helpful for heart disease patients with high cholesterol, but not for normal heart disease patients with high cholesterol, and side effects include possible muscle disease. However, it is commonly prescribed to the latter. Cardiac resynchronization therapy, which is life-saving for congestive heart failure patients with a delay in ventricular conduction of at least 150 milliseconds, is now being given to patients with delays of less than 150 milliseconds. Waste of Medical Resources Experts have criticized the U.S. public health care system for wasting large amounts of money on medical procedures that do not provide benefit or may cause harm. According to Steven Nissen, a leading cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic. Nissen argues that the reason the United States spends twice as much per capita on health care as other developed countries, with no advantage in health status or longevity, is because of the waste. Nissen often recommend that people without symptoms of heart disease, low risk of disease to avoid receiving cardiac tomography, echocardiography, cycling cardiac stress test, etc., because studies have shown that these tests will produce a lot of false “positive” results, leading to potentially risky medical interventions. By eliminating unnecessary and even harmful tests and treatments, we can save the public coffers a great deal of money and utilize healthcare resources more efficiently at the same time. Hudler, a professor of medicine at the University of North Carolina, published his book “Rethinking Aging” this month on the phenomenon of over-treatment of the elderly. He said, tomography and other imaging in the blood vessels found in some of the blood clots will not actually trigger heart disease, if the surgery to destroy these blood clots, equivalent to a large pile of debris sprayed into the tiny blood vessels, but may induce a heart attack or stroke. The U.S. Newsweek reported that the United States spends$200 billion a year for the treatment of adverse drug reactions; 500,000 cases of elective angioplasty are performed annually, each costing at least$50,000 per case. In fact, if patients use drug therapy with exercise and a healthy diet, the results will be better. On one side, there is inadequate health care, but on the other side, overmedication is very prevalent. Take medicines as an example, in our country, the cost of medicines accounts for about 40% to 50% of the income of medical institutions. However, in developed countries, this figure is 10-40%. In the background of excessive medical care, not only drugs, those unnecessary tests and surgery is also a shocking problem, the abuse of cesarean section surgery is the most typical example. Over the past few years, expensive and difficult medical treatment has become a social disease complained of by the public. In order to cope with this social conflict, government departments at all levels, under the impetus of the new health care reform, have opted for “capacity-expansion” construction to meet the public’s health care needs by expanding and upgrading medical institutions. However, this is not enough. If the expanded medical institutions are still heavily commercialized, “overmedication” is still prevalent and widespread, and health care is cold and inadequate, this may mean that the public’s right to health is still not adequately cared for and serviced, and the financial burden of medical care may even increase rather than decrease. In the past two years, despite the implementation of the new health care reform, people do not feel that the problem of expensive medical care has been alleviated. Some data can be cited, according to the Ministry of Health issued the 2009 Health Statistics Bulletin, in 2009, the hospital outpatient per capita medical cost 159.5 yuan, inpatient per capita cost 5,951.9 yuan, respectively, than the previous year rose by 8.9% and 8.6%, and the per capita disposable income of urban residents increased by 8.8% and the per capita net income of rural residents increased by 8.2% of the magnitude of the basic flat. In order to reverse this disparity between hot and cold, to fundamentally solve the public’s problem of access to medical care, to reduce the financial burden of medical care and to lower the mortality rate, the Government should do more than just build more medical institutions with perfect service functions. Firstly, it should strengthen the construction of academic groups such as health care associations, so as to impart to the public more up-to-date and accurate knowledge and information on chronic diseases such as tumors. Many experiences have shown that good national health literacy comes out of education. If people have enough authoritative information to guide them, I believe they will be able to do better in prevention and treatment. Secondly, sufficient investment should be made in primary health care organizations to enable them to play the role of primary oncology health care. Nowadays, primary health care organizations in many places lack sufficient willingness and ability to do this kind of work, which seems to be “loss-making”. Satisfied with “what is available”, it is difficult for them to fulfill the requirement of “what is needed for the disease”. It is because they still have to rely on their income to support themselves. Thirdly, people should be encouraged to spend more on health care and reduce their expenditure on medical services. Regular medical check-ups once a year and adjustments to one’s health status at any time are of great significance in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as tumors that consume over a long period of time.