Three types of viruses and one type of bacteria cause the majority of new cases of infection-related cancers, according to the results of a study of the latest global data. The study found that in 2008 there were 12.7 million new cases of cancer worldwide, 2 million of which were infection-related. Helicobacter pylori (HP), hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) caused 1.9 million of these infection-related cancers, with the majority of these new cases being liver, stomach and cervical cancers. Hepatitis B and C (HBV, HCV) viruses are familiar hepatitis viruses. In China, the vast majority of primary liver cancers are associated with chronic hepatitis B and C virus infection, and most liver cancer patients experience a journey of chronic hepatitis-cirrhosis-liver cancer, so preventing and treating hepatitis B and C can effectively reduce the Therefore, prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and C can effectively reduce the occurrence of liver cancer. Clinical practice has proven that chronic hepatitis B and C are both preventable and treatable, and the vaccination of hepatitis B to produce protective antibodies is the most effective and least costly protective measure; in the past 10 years or so, the emergence and continuous updating of new nucleotide analogues have provided a powerful weapon for effective control of hepatitis B. Most patients with chronic hepatitis B have been able to contain their disease. Although there is no vaccine to prevent hepatitis C, with the advent of long-acting interferons and the latest international protease inhibitors, a complete clinical cure has become possible, and its therapeutic efficacy has surpassed that of chronic hepatitis B. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a spiral-shaped bacterium present in the stomach and duodenal bulb that enters the stomach with short-term acute gastritis symptoms that manifest as epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and flatulence. The most common form of infection is a chronic inflammation of the gastric tissues with no apparent symptoms, which often results in duodenal ulcers and gastric ulcers. Medical research has shown that the degree of precancerous lesions and the risk of gastric cancer are hierarchically related, and H. pylori infection is an important risk factor for gastric cancer. Cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor in gynecology, and more than 90% of cervical cancer patients have human papillomavirus (HPV) in their bodies, which is the main factor causing cervical cancer and its precancerous lesions. Internationally, there are already preventive quadrivalent vaccines (HPV6, 11, 16, 18) that can prevent these four virus types from infection, because most cervical cancer infection types are 16, 18 so it can reduce the occurrence of most cervical cancers. It has been proven that as the four main culprits that lead to infection-associated malignancies, all of them can be prevented early, especially the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and C, which have made great progress in recent years. Among the four causes, except for human papillomavirus (HPV), the other three are closely related to digestive system diseases, so it is extremely important to achieve early prevention, early screening and timely treatment to prevent infection-related malignancies of the digestive system.