Interventional treatment of congenital heart disease has come a long way since Portmann used foam to occlude congenital ductus arteriosus in 1967. With the increase of cases and the accumulation of experience, the operation technique has become increasingly mature and has become a routine method for the treatment of congenital heart disease in large medical units. Nearly 50 hospitals in China have carried out such procedures. Arterial catheterization At present, more than 2,500 cases of arterial catheterization have been completed in China using imported Ampatzer blockers, with a technical success rate of 98.4%. The incidence of serious complications is 1.6% (including 1.36% hemolysis, 0.2% dislodgement of the blocker and 0.04% pericardial tamponade), and the mortality rate is only 0.04%. Atrial septal defect At present, more than 3,500 cases of atrial septal defect were treated with imported Ampatzer blockers in China, with a technical success rate of 98.1%. The incidence of serious complications is 0.9% (including 0.5% of blocker dislodgement and 0.4% of pericardial blockage), and the mortality rate is only 0.2%. In 2002, AGA developed a new type of self-expanding asymmetric double-disc septal defect sealer, which has achieved satisfactory results after nearly one year of clinical application at home and abroad. At present, more than 250 cases of ventricular septal defect sealing have been completed in China with a success rate of 97.3% using this technology. Due to the high technical requirements, complicated operation and lack of experience in the initial development, the complication rate is relatively high, reaching 2.7%, mainly including blocker dislodgement, hemolysis, atrioventricular block, aortic valve or tricuspid valve insufficiency. Therefore, this technique should not be carried out blindly by physicians who have not undergone rigorous training and by hospitals that do not have equivalent technical conditions. Prospects With the continuous improvement of interventional devices, accumulation of interventional experience and improvement of operation techniques, the scope of interventional treatment of congenital heart disease will be expanded day by day, such as interventional treatment of compound malformation of congenital heart disease, interventional treatment of post-surgical residual shunt or residual stenosis, interventional technique combined with surgery for complex congenital heart disease, etc. It is undeniable that there are still some congenital heart diseases that cannot be treated by interventional techniques, therefore, before treatment, a comprehensive examination should be conducted to strictly distinguish the indications for interventional and surgical treatment, weigh the advantages and disadvantages, and formulate the best plan that is reasonable and feasible. Interventional treatment for precardiac disease has the following advantages compared with surgery: 1. No incision is needed on the back of the chest, and only a needle eye (about 3 mm) is left in the groin. Because of the small trauma and pain, it can heal in a few days after surgery without leaving scars; there is also no need to open the chest cavity, much less to cut open the heart. 2. The treatment does not require the implementation of systemic external circulation and deep low temperature anesthesia. The child only needs basic anesthesia without intubation to cooperate, and the older child only needs local anesthesia. In this way, the occurrence of extracorporeal circulation and anesthesia accidents can be avoided, and there will be no impact on the brain development of children. 3.Because of the low bleeding of interventional treatment, no blood transfusion is required, thus avoiding the possible adverse reactions caused by blood transfusion. 4.Compared with surgical procedures, interventional treatment has a shorter operation time, shorter hospital stay and faster postoperative recovery. Generally, the patient starts to drink in about 30 minutes to 1 hour, and can get out of bed in 20 hours after the operation, and can be discharged in 1~3 days of hospitalization, and children with local anesthesia can be completed in the outpatient clinic. 5.At present, the success rate of various interventional treatments for children suitable for interventional treatment is over 98%, and the postoperative complications are less than those of surgical procedures. It is just like surgery and can have a radical effect.