1.What is capillary vasodilatation?
Capillary dilation is the appearance of small red dots on the skin in the form of spots, dots, lines, and asterisks. It is red or purplish in color because of the expansion of small blood vessels in the skin. Many people have capillary dilation, and capillary dilation can also occur in normal skin.
2.Is there a relationship between capillary dilation and heredity?
There are some cases of capillary dilation that are related to genetics, often when the baby is born with capillary dilation on the skin. Like “congenital capillary dilation marbled skin”, this disease is more girls, in addition to skin capillary dilation, sometimes there are internal organs of poor vascular development, such as arteriovenous catheterization; like “hereditary hemorrhagic capillary dilation”. In “hereditary hemorrhagic capillary dilation,” the skin may appear as a cluster of capillary dilation, often accompanied by bleeding from the nose and gastrointestinal tract; in “ataxia-capillary dilation,” the capillary dilation first appears in the eyes and then gradually develops in the face, arms, and legs. This child is often accompanied by ataxia, and affects the intelligence, easy to get pneumonia and sinusitis, this disease is more powerful, the patient often does not live more than 30 years old to die.
3.What is congenital capillary dilation marble skin?
This is also a kind of capillary dilation, is a congenital disease. Infants are born with it, and the skin of the whole body can appear as cyanotic-purple reticulated spots, colored like marble, and prone to small ulcers. Some infants have only skin changes, while others may also have a combination of damage to other organs: like mental retardation, ductus arteriosus, congenital glaucoma, etc. There are more girls than boys with this disease, and there is no particularly effective treatment.
4. What is pancystic idiopathic capillary dilation?
It is a disease of unknown origin, some believe it is related to bacterial infection, and is characterized by dilated capillaries in the skin without other skin damage or internal diseases. Most women in their 40s and 50s have this disease, and the dilated capillaries tend to occur in the lower legs and can gradually progress to the thighs. The dilated capillaries are usually linear, and some may have small hemangiomas, but they do not bleed easily.
5.What is “spider nevus”?
It is also a kind of capillary dilation. It has a small artery in the center, and the surrounding capillaries are dilated in a radial pattern, looking like a spider, so it is called a spider mole. It is more common in women who are pregnant, and it is related to the higher level of estrogen in the body. If a man has many spider moles on his skin, he should check if there is a liver problem. This is because if the liver is not good, the estrogen in the body will also increase, causing the increase of spider moles on the skin.
6.What is purpura?
Purpura is bleeding point, small bleeding point is called petechiae, large bleeding point is called petechiae or bruises. If you press the area of purpura with your hand, the petechiae or petechiae will not fade. This is because the blood runs outside the blood vessels and reaches under the skin. The purpura of the skin is usually caused by the fact that the platelets are different from normal people. There are some patients with purpura whose platelets are normal, that may be caused by allergy, vascular disease or poor coagulation. The actual purpura is a skin bleeding, then often accompanied by visceral bleeding. The actual fact is that you will be able to find out the reason for the bleeding spots on your skin, so don’t delay your condition.
7.What is the matter with the sudden appearance of large bleeding spots on the skin of children?
The first thing to do is to test the platelets, if they are lower than 20*109/L and the bone marrow does not change, then the first thing to consider is whether it is idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, this child often had a viral infection half a month ago, in addition to the sudden appearance of large bleeding spots on the skin, nose, gums, mouth and gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract also often bleeding. This disease has an acute onset and most people can recover with aggressive treatment. However, if not treated properly, death can occur due to brain hemorrhage.
8.Can thrombocytosis appear as purpura?
The actual fact is that you can get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and most popular items on the market. It turns out that the high concentration of platelets has an anticoagulant effect, so this patient not only has bleeding spots on the skin, the gastrointestinal tract can also bleed, and can also appear hematuria, hemoptysis, excessive menstruation. Small blood clots can also form in the extremities, causing pain and even necrosis in the fingers and toes. The treatment of this disease mainly requires control of the number of platelets, and can be treated with myelosuppressive drugs or radionuclide 31P.
9, Some people have small bleeding spots on their face and neck after forceful bowel movement, does it matter?
This kind of purpura is often caused by the increase of pressure in the blood vessels, such as forceful stool, long-term vomiting, cough can appear small bleeding spots. It is especially obvious in the face and neck where the tissue is loose. This kind of purpura does not need to be nervous, usually a few days can subside by itself.
10.Is the elderly prone to purpura?
There is a disease called senile purpura, and this purpura is related to the elderly. As the skin of the elderly is more relaxed, plus the long-term sun exposure, the skin and subcutaneous tissue become thin, the collagen around the small blood vessels to support it also become few, so a slight trauma can cause the rupture of small blood vessels bleeding, producing purpura. Dark purple-red petechiae or petechiae often appear especially in the V-zone of the face, arms, and upper chest. It can fade away by itself and leave pigmentation behind.
11.Patients who take hormone for a long time have purpura on their lower legs easily, why?
Because hormone can promote protein decomposition, so the skin becomes very thin, capillary fragility also increased, a slight injury can appear purpura, especially in the calf, this purpura can fade away by itself.
12.What is eruptive purpura?
It is also called necrotizing purpura, which is a very serious and rare disease. This disease occurs mainly in children and often has a history of infection before the onset of purpura: scarlet fever, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, chicken pox, measles, etc. About 7 days after the onset of these diseases, petechiae, hemorrhagic blisters or necrosis suddenly appear on the skin of the whole body, with the rash of the extremities being heavier. This kind of patient can often be accompanied by serious damage to internal organs such as liver, kidney and lung, and can easily die.
13.Can purpura appear in newborn babies?
There are many reasons for purpura in newborn babies, it can be hereditary or caused by other reasons.
It can be hereditary or caused by other reasons. The common causes are congenital infections such as rubella, syphilis spirochete infection and so on. These patients can be treated well with appropriate antiviral drugs or antibiotics. Another long-standing cause is neonatal hypoprothrombinemia, which is caused by vitamin K deficiency in the child’s mother, and can be treated with vitamin K and blood transfusions.
14.What is eczema-like purpura?
This is a special kind of purpura, this purpura has seasonality, it is more frequent in spring and autumn, and it is very itchy. The rash usually appears around the ankle and the back of the foot, it is dotted erythema and purpura, later it can gradually develop to the upper body, some of them can fuse into a circle, a little peeling. Usually all of them are issued in about two weeks and can subside by themselves in 3-6 months. But it is easy to recur. Some people think that this disease belongs to a kind of exogenous dermatitis.
15.Patients with varicose veins in the calves tend to have purpura in their calves after standing for a long time.
This disease is called depressed purpura, this patient because of varicose veins, venous reflux is not good, especially standing for a long time, the calf blood pressure is too high, red blood cells from the blood vessels leak out, there is purpura, and often accompanied by swelling of the calf. This disease is more common in men.
16.What is white atrophy?
This is a manifestation of the end stage of various types of skin vascular injury, which starts with petechiae on the skin, which are very painful, and the petechiae can gradually fuse into a large area and become dark purple-red. Over time, the rash can develop a central atrophic depression and a white atrophic scar, called white atrophy. If the trauma can also appear ulcers, this disease is easy to occur in young women, calves, especially around the ankle is most likely to develop.
17.What is painful contusion syndrome?
This disease is also called autoerythrocyte sensitivity syndrome, about 95% of patients are young and middle-aged women. Most of the rash appears on the legs, initially as nodules, with bruising and petechiae appearing a few hours later. The patient feels painful and it is absorbed in about 1 week. It can heal on its own after a few months. Some patients have mental disorders and physical trauma, and sometimes emotional irritability can trigger this disease.
18.What is psychogenic purpura?
This is a kind of purpura caused by human factors. Some patients scratch their own skin to produce purpura, so this purpura are in the area that can be touched by hands. Some people suck on their own skin and develop purpura. So these purpura are generally related to the patient’s spirit and artificially caused skin damage.
19.What is erythrocyanosis of the lower legs?
As the name suggests, this is a skin disease that occurs in the lower legs and is more common in young women. It is caused by the abnormal reaction of blood vessels caused by long-term cold. Therefore, it is more common in cold areas. The rash is characterized by dark red or deep purplish-red skin on the lower legs, low skin temperature, and edema that can occur after standing for a long time. The health condition of such patients is generally good, and most of them can improve naturally after a few years.
20.What is acrodermatitis brucei?
It is a condition in which the skin of the fingers, toes, nose, lips, face, ears, and other parts of the body turn blue when exposed to cold. The patient feels cold skin and numbness, and sometimes the palms of the hands and soles of the feet tend to sweat, gradually returning to normal when warm. Young women have a higher incidence of frostbite, and this type of patient is prone to frostbite, which usually improves gradually in adulthood.
21.What is marble-like skin?
This is a type of reticular cyanosis because the skin looks like marble, with veined or dendritic orchid veins. Many children and young women have this phenomenon. It usually appears when it is cold and has marble-like patches on the legs that disappear on their own when it is warm. This disease is usually asymptomatic and some people are prone to frostbite. This kind of patients usually just need to pay attention to keep warm.
22.What is idiopathic reticulocutaneous cyanosis?
The so-called idiopathic reticular cyanosis is the appearance of reticular cyanosis on the skin for which no reason can be found, and this disease is heavier than marble-like skin, mostly seen in women aged 30-50. It is more common in women between 30 and 50 years of age. At first, the reticular pattern appears only on the arms and legs when it is cold. Often there is tingling and numbness, severe patients in the winter at the calf can also appear ulcers, this ulcer is not easy to heal, if the healing and, can leave a white atrophic scar.
23.What is Raynaud’s disease?
Raynaud’s disease is when the cold or emotional stress, fingers and toes are white, and a few minutes later turn purple. Patients often have numbness, tingling and chills. The purple skin slowly recovers, and the skin gradually becomes red and swollen. When the attack does not occur, the patient does not have any symptoms, but feels a little chill in the hands and feet. This skin change in Raynaud’s disease is caused by vascular nerve dysfunction and spasm of the small arteries in the hands and feet.
24.Is Raynaud’s disease the same as Raynaud’s phenomenon?
Of course not the same, Raynaud’s disease is only the above skin manifestations, and can not find any causative agent, and the patient does not have other diseases. Raynaud’s phenomenon is also the skin turns white – purple – red and swollen after being cold. But Raynaud’s phenomenon is only one manifestation of many diseases. Patients often have chronic occlusive arterial disease, like occlusive atherosclerosis; connective tissue disease, like systemic lupus erythematosus; metal poisoning; drug toxicity; blood abnormalities like cryoglobulinemia; neurological disease and underlying cancer can all have Raynaud’s phenomenon. Raynaud’s phenomenon is far more complicated than Raynaud’s disease, and there is a big difference between the two.
25.Can a patient with atherosclerosis have skin changes?
Of course, patients with atherosclerosis can not only cause many internal diseases: coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, etc., but also often cause arterial lesions in the legs. The initial discomfort is that the patient walks for a while and feels a lot of pain in the legs, and has to stop and rest for a while to relieve the pain before walking again. This is medically known as “intermittent claudication” and the skin of the legs can become pale and blue. The skin may become dry and shiny, and in severe cases, there may be atrophy of the skin and subcutaneous fat, thickened toenails, etc. If the atherosclerosis of the lower extremities is very strong, it can cause severe ischemia in the legs, and the skin can become ulcerated and necrotic and thrombosed. This kind of patients in the treatment can not simply treat the skin, should lower blood pressure, blood lipids, blood sugar and other comprehensive treatment.
26.What is occlusive thrombotic vasculitis?
This is a disease caused by a chronic inflammation of some small blood vessels, especially those in the lower extremities, causing ischemia in the legs. Because of the ischemia of the legs, intermittent claudication may occur, and if the blood vessels are completely occluded. The necrosis will begin around the toenail and can gradually progress to the entire foot. It can also cause osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, deformation of the toenail, and the skin becomes pale or dark purple. About 30% of people can also have Raynaud’s phenomenon.
The skin manifestations of this disease are sometimes the same as the arterial occlusion caused by atherosclerosis, but the difference is that the disease occurs in the 30s.
The difference is that the disease is more common in men in their 30s, and patients do not have other diseases such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension or diabetes.
Because this disease is particularly related to smoking, it is necessary to absolutely stop smoking, and pay attention to warmth and rest, and avoid trauma. It can be treated with some vasodilators, painkillers and sealers.
27.What is erythromelalgia?
This disease is the opposite of Raynaud’s disease, Raynaud’s disease is the onset of skin after cold, while erythromelalgia is the onset of skin after heat, the patient’s hands and feet, especially the two feet, feel very painful when the skin is heated, movement or drooping, the skin becomes red, swollen, skin temperature increases, often accompanied by sweating. If the hands and feet are placed in cold water or the feet are elevated, the symptoms can be reduced or even disappear. This disease occurs mostly in patients over 40 years of age. There are many causes of erythromelalgia, such as myeloproliferative disorders, thrombocytosis, diabetes, gout, etc., that can cause erythromelalgia. Therefore, once diagnosed, we should find out what the cause is and do active treatment. During the attack, you can elevate your legs or immerse them in water, and taking small doses of aspirin is also effective.
28.What is varicose vein?
Varicose veins are a common problem for many people, especially for those who work for long periods of time on their feet, such as salesmen and teachers. Due to long time standing the pressure in the leg veins increases, which affects the venous reflux and thus the varicose veins in the legs appear. This kind of patients usually develops after 40 years of age and can be reduced after elevating the legs. Some varicose veins are caused by the poor functioning of the valves in the veins, and when the venous pressure is high, the venous blood flows backwards, thus causing varicose veins.
Prolonged varicose veins can cause changes such as bleeding, ulcers and eczema on the skin of the lower legs. Patients who have varicose veins must avoid standing for long periods of time, and lighter patients can wear elastic stockings. Severe patients need to be treated surgically.
29.What is bruising dermatitis?
This is the most common kind of skin damage of varicose veins in the lower extremities, because the rash is a manifestation of eczema, so it is also called varicose eczema. It is usually found in the lower 1/3 of the lower leg, and starts as a red spot with not very clear borders, and then gradually appears as papules and blisters, which can flow after being scratched. Sometimes there are secondary infections and further aggravation of the eczema, and in severe cases, ulcers may appear. The treatment of this disease focuses on correcting varicose veins and reducing unnecessary irritation.