Traditional bone marrow transplantation requires an exact HLA antigen match between the donor and recipient, which has a 1 in 100,000 match rate in the general population. In contrast, hemi-matched bone marrow transplantation requires only half of the donor-recipient HLA to be identical, which is 100% between the two generations of blood. The technical requirements of the transplantation process are higher than those of fully matched bone marrow transplantation. Semi-identical donors include the patient’s parents, children, and siblings who match a single chromosome. Currently, HLA all-matched donors are the bone marrow source of choice, but patients who cannot find an all-matched donor may opt for a hemimatched bone marrow transplant. Any malignant hematological disease such as leukemia, lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome, thalassemia, etc. can be transplanted with hemimelanotic bone marrow. The implantation success rate of hemi-phase bone marrow transplantation is basically the same as that of conventional transplantation, except that the growth rate of implanted cells is slightly delayed and graft-versus-host disease may be more pronounced, but this is the process by which it exerts its anti-tumor effect, and therefore the disease recurrence rate is lower after hemi-phase bone marrow transplantation. Patients return to normal immune function approximately 1 year after hemiphasic bone marrow transplantation.