Self-examination of the breast: In January 2019, the National Cancer Center released the latest issue of national cancer statistics. Deaths from malignant tumors account for 23.91% of all causes of death among residents, with the first female incidence being breast cancer, with an annual incidence of about 304,000. The main causes of death from malignant tumors among women are, in order of priority, lung cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer, and the top 10 malignant tumor deaths among women account for about 80.50% of all malignant tumor deaths among women. According to authoritative statistics, the survival rate of breast cancer patients in stage I, i.e. early breast cancer, is﹥90%; in stage II, i.e. intermediate breast cancer, the survival rate is 80-85%; in stage III, i.e. locally advanced breast cancer, the survival rate is 50-60%; in stage IV, i.e. advanced breast cancer, the survival rate is about 20%; thus it can be seen that breast cancer Early detection and early treatment are crucial to survival! Breast cancer is not painful or itchy in the early stage, so it is difficult to detect early if patients do not have the habit of self-examination, which lays down the importance of self-examination of breast. Timing of self-examination: Breast self-examination is recommended once a month after breast development. Pre-menopause: 7-10 days of the menstrual cycle, i.e. within one week of the end of menstruation. After menopause: Self-examination can be done at any time. The key moments of self-examination: when taking a shower, looking in the mirror, before going to bed Content of self-examination: First look, whether both breasts are symmetrical, whether the skin is red, edema, sunken, convex, whether the nipples are symmetrical, whether there is retraction, distortion, oozing, erosion. Second, feel the lumps and local thickening. The third squeeze, whether there is overflow from the nipple, the color of the overflow, the nature of the overflow, and the amount of overflow. Self-examination techniques: not grasp and pinch, either press or “sweep”, according to a certain order of inspection. 6 steps of self-examination: 1. Look: face the mirror, raise your hands above your head, carefully observe whether the size of the breast is symmetrical, whether the surface skin is sunken, edema, convexity, whether the nipple is retracted, distorted, broken, etc. 2.Look: Cross your arms, lift your chest and tuck your abdomen, and check again with reference to the first step. 3.Touch: Lift your right hand up and check your right breast with your left hand, lightly press your breast with the belly of your finger to feel if there is a hard lump. 4.Touch: Combine the other four fingers outside the thumb and start a circular clockwise sliding check from the nipple, gradually moving outward about three to four times until the breast is checked. If the finger sliding is stuck, there may be a lump. Palpate the armpit with all four fingers together to determine if there is a lump. 5.Touch: Lie down flat with a pillow on your left shoulder and repeat step four to check both sides of your breasts. 6.Squeeze: Use your thumb and index finger to gently press the root of the nipple and notice if there is any abnormal discharge, called “nipple overflow”, if there is, pay attention to the color, nature and amount of overflow. 10 types of women who are prone to breast cancer: 1. Early menarche or late menopause: age of menarche <12 years old, age of menopause >55 years old; for every 4-5 years of early menarche, the chance of breast cancer increases by one. Those who are above 13-15 years of age at menarche have 20% less chance of breast cancer than those who are below 12 years of age. Women over 35 years old who have not given birth or breast-feeding; information shows that the risk of breast cancer for women who have never given birth is 30% higher than that for women who have given birth; the risk for women who are not breast-feeding is more than 1.5 times higher than that for breast-feeding women. 3. Excessive alcohol consumption, postmenopausal obesity, high-fat diet, and the presence of breast cancer genes in the family, including men (hereditary breast cancer, which accounts for 5%-10% of breast cancer, can only be determined through genetic testing); 4. Frequent use of birth control pills and multiple abortions, a study showed that natural abortion does not increase the risk of breast cancer, while women who had abortions before the age of 18 110% higher than those who have not had an abortion. Women who have been depressed or depressed for a long time; 6. Those who have been using exogenous estrogen for a long time; 7. Those who have had atypical hyperplasia of breast ducts or lobules or lobular carcinoma in situ; 8. Women who have had breast cancer on one side have a higher chance of getting cancer on the other side; 9. Women who have received radiotherapy or long-term radiation damage to the chest; 10. Can men get breast cancer? Male breast cancer is a rare but not uncommon malignancy, accounting for 0.2%-1.5% of all cancers in men and about 1% of all breast cancer patients. Since men have fewer breast glands, it is easy to infiltrate and metastasize, and men have a thinner subcutaneous fat layer, which often invades the subcutaneous lymphatic network earlier. Therefore, the prognosis of male breast cancer is generally considered to be worse than that of female breast cancer. Therefore, self-examination of male breast is also crucial.