Preventive measures for coronary heart disease

  As coronary heart disease is one of the most important diseases causing human death, and there is still a lack of curative measures clinically, so the active prevention of coronary heart disease is of great importance. Secondary prevention refers to drug or non-drug measures for patients who have already suffered from coronary heart disease to prevent the recurrence of the disease or to prevent its aggravation.  Primary prevention measures Health education Educate the whole population on health knowledge, improve citizens’ awareness of self-care, avoid or change bad habits, such as quitting smoking, paying attention to reasonable diet, proper exercise and maintaining psychological balance, so as to reduce the occurrence of coronary heart disease.  Control of high-risk factors For the high-risk groups of coronary heart disease, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking and family history, we should actively deal with them. The methods of treatment include the selection of appropriate drugs for continuous control of blood pressure, correction of abnormal lipid metabolism, cessation of smoking and restriction of alcohol, appropriate physical activity, weight control, control of diabetes, etc.  Secondary prevention measures Antiplatelet agents Aspirin has been shown to reduce the occurrence of myocardial infarction and reinfarction rate, and its application after acute myocardial infarction can reduce the reinfarction rate by about 25%; if aspirin is intolerable or allergic, clopidogrel can be used.  β-blockers As long as there is no contraindication, β-blockers should be used in patients with coronary artery disease, especially after acute coronary events; some data show that the application of β-blockers in patients after acute myocardial infarction can reduce the rate of death and reinfarction by 20% to 25%, and the drugs that can be used are metoprolol, ponerol, timolol, etc.  Statin lipid-lowering drugs Research results show that long-term lipid-regulating therapy for patients with coronary artery disease not only reduces the overall mortality rate and improves survival, but also reduces the number of patients requiring coronary intervention or CABC, thanks to the lipid-lowering effects of statins, which improve endothelial function, anti-inflammatory effects, affect smooth muscle cell proliferation and interfere with platelet aggregation, coagulation, fibrinolytic processes, etc. Simvastatin Simvastatin, pravastatin, chorvastatin and atorvastatin have this effect. ”Priligy” antihypertensive drugs are mostly used in patients with severely impaired left ventricular function or heart failure, and the results of many clinical trials have confirmed that ACEI reduces the death rate after acute myocardial infarction; therefore, patients with ejection fraction <40% or ventricular wall motion index ≤1.2 after acute myocardial infarction and without contraindications should use ACEI, commonly used are captopril, enalapril, benazepril and fosinopril, etc.